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Understanding Phonology, 2Ed 2nd New edition [Minkštas viršelis]

3.16/5 (99 ratings by Goodreads)
(Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands), (Radboud University of Nijmegen, Holland)
  • Formatas: Paperback / softback, 296 pages, aukštis x plotis: 234x156 mm, None
  • Serija: Understanding Language
  • Išleidimo metai: 28-Jan-2005
  • Leidėjas: Hodder Education
  • ISBN-10: 0340807350
  • ISBN-13: 9780340807354
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Understanding Phonology, 2Ed 2nd New editionDidesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: Paperback / softback, 296 pages, aukštis x plotis: 234x156 mm, None
  • Serija: Understanding Language
  • Išleidimo metai: 28-Jan-2005
  • Leidėjas: Hodder Education
  • ISBN-10: 0340807350
  • ISBN-13: 9780340807354
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Pastovi nuoroda: https://www.kriso.lt/db/9780340807354.html
Raktažodžiai:
The study of phonology is central to courses on language and linguistics. As one of the first volumes in the Understanding Language series, Understanding Phonology has proved to be a popular choice for students both in the UK and overseas.

In this new edition the authors have revised and updated the text in the light of recent research and also as a result of users' comments.

This skilfully written text provides a broad, yet up-to-date, introduction to phonology. Assuming no previous knowledge of phonology or linguistic theory, the authors introduce the basic concepts and build on these progressively, discussing the main theories and illustrating key points with carefully chosen examples. A wide range of phenomena are covered: speech production, segmental contrasts, tone, quantity, prosodic structure, metrical relations and intonation. The main theories, including feature geometry and optimality theory are introduced, and their contributions to our understanding of phonology, as well as their shortcomings, are discussed objectively.

Students will welcome the range of language from which the authors draw their examples and problems, and the originality of the presentations, discussions and examples.

Two corrections to this book should be noted: Page 249, Q73, Answer 1: HL should read LH. Page 263, Q123, Answer 2, Line 3: 'amuden' should read 'amumen'.

Recenzijos

...gives a clear and accurate picture of current phonological theory in a small number of pages. Nina Groennum, University of Copenhagen

This is an excellent book. Clear, concise and explicit about problem areas. The exercises are very good and extremely useful. John Goldsmith, University of Chicago, USA

Excellent course book! Carsten Naeher, University of Bonn

"Readers will appreciate an introduction to phonology which requires time and effort to allow a consolidation of acquired knowledge for students and for those who are new in the field. The fact that this volume has been reprinted in 2005 attests to its quality and popularity among professional readers and students alike."





Chantal Paboudjian, The Phonetician

Preface xi
1 The production of speech
1(16)
1.1 Introduction
1(1)
1.2 The lungs and the larynx
2(3)
1.2.1 The vocal folds: the open and vibrating glottis
2(1)
1.2.2 Devoicing and aspiration
3(1)
1.2.3 Special types of phonation
4(1)
1.2.4 Pitch
4(1)
1.2.5 The glottal stop
5(1)
1.3 The vocal tract
5(2)
1.3.1 The pharynx
7(1)
1.3.2 The nasal cavity
7(1)
1.3.3 The mouth
7(1)
1.4 Vowels
7(2)
1.5 Constrictions
9(3)
1.5.1 Places of articulation
9(1)
1.5.2 Types of constriction
10(2)
1.6 Segmental duration
12(1)
1.7 Complex consonants
13(1)
1.7.1 Secondary articulations
13(1)
1.7.2 Double articulations
13(1)
1.7.3 Manner-contour consonants
13(1)
1.8 Nonpulmonic consonants
14(1)
1.9 Stress
14(1)
1.10 Conclusion
15(2)
2 Some typology: sameness and difference
17(17)
2.1 Introduction
17(1)
2.2 Morphosyntactic structure
17(2)
2.2.1 Morphological structure
17(1)
2.2.2 Syntactic structure
18(1)
2.3 A world without phonological structure
19(5)
2.3.1 One phonology for all languages?
21(1)
2.3.2 Two kinds of structure
22(2)
2.4 There's a difference
24(2)
2.5 Universals and implicational relations
26(6)
2.5.1 Plain or special?
27(1)
2.5.2 Avoiding complexity
28(1)
2.5.3 A word of caution
29(1)
2.5.4 Speech ergonomics
29(2)
2.5.5 System gaps
31(1)
2.6 Conclusion
32(2)
3 Making the form fit
34(14)
3.1 Introduction
34(1)
3.2 Hawaiian
34(1)
3.3 Adjustment processes
35(5)
3.3.1 The process of nativization
35(4)
3.3.2 Adjustments in the native vocabulary
39(1)
3.4 Two approaches
40(3)
3.4.1 Rules
40(1)
3.4.2 Constraints
40(3)
3.5 Choosing between rules and constraints
43(4)
3.5.1 Gradient violation and unranked constraints
45(2)
3.6 Conclusion
47(1)
4 Underlying and surface representations
48(9)
4.1 Introduction
48(1)
4.2 Allophonic variation
48(3)
4.3 Two levels of representation
51(2)
4.4 Neutralization
53(1)
4.5 Choosing the underlying form
54(1)
4.6 Conclusion
55(2)
5 Distinctive features
57(20)
5.1 Introduction
57(1)
5.2 Motivating distinctive features
57(2)
5.3 Feature values
59(1)
5.4 A set of distinctive features
59(8)
5.4.1 Major-class features
60(3)
5.4.2 Laryngeal features
63(1)
5.4.3 Manner features
64(1)
5.4.4 Ambiguity and nonspecification
65(2)
5.5 Place features
67(3)
5.5.1 Labial
67(1)
5.5.2 Coronal
68(1)
5.5.3 Dorsal
68(1)
5.5.4 Radical
69(1)
5.6 Some examples
70(2)
5.7 Redundant vs contrastive features
72(4)
5.8 Conclusion
76(1)
6 Ordered rules
77(18)
6.1 Introduction
77(1)
6.2 SPE representations
77(1)
6.3 SPE rules
78(4)
6.3.1 Reference to the syllable
80(1)
6.3.2 The brace
80(1)
6.3.3 Variable feature values
81(1)
6.3.4 Parentheses
81(1)
6.3.5 The transformational rule format
81(1)
6.4 Linear order
82(3)
6.5 Extrinsic and intrinsic ordering
85(2)
6.6 Feeding, counterfeeding, bleeding, counterbleeding
87(4)
6.6.1 Feeding order
87(1)
6.6.2 Counterfeeding order
88(1)
6.6.3 Bleeding order
88(1)
6.6.4 Counterbleeding order
89(2)
6.7 Opacity
91(2)
6.8 Conclusion
93(2)
7 A case study: the diminutive suffix in Dutch
95(11)
7.1 Introduction
95(1)
7.2 General Dutch rules
95(2)
7.2.1 Final devoicing
95(1)
7.2.2 Palatalization
96(1)
7.2.3 Degemination
96(1)
7.3 Standard Dutch
97(2)
7.4 The dialect of Sittard
99(5)
7.5 Conclusion
104(2)
8 Levels of representation
106(16)
8.1 Introduction
106(1)
8.2 Defining an intermediate level of representation
106(3)
8.3 Lexical Phonology
109(3)
8.3.1 Reference to morphological labels
109(1)
8.3.2 Exceptions
110(1)
8.3.3 Structure preservation
110(1)
8.3.4 Native-speaker intuitions
111(1)
8.3.5 Application across word boundaries
111(1)
8.3.6 Lexical rules apply before postlexical rules
112(1)
8.4 Phonological information in the lexicon
112(2)
8.5 Controversial properties of lexical rules
114(1)
8.6 Beyond the surface representation
115(5)
8.6.1 Phonetic implementation
116(1)
8.6.2 Models of implementation
117(2)
8.6.3 Deciding between phonology and phonetic implementation
119(1)
8.7 Conclusion
120(2)
9 Representing tone
122(13)
9.1 Introduction
122(1)
9.2 The inadequacy of a linear model
123(1)
9.3 Word-based tone patterns
123(4)
9.3.1 Language-specific associations
126(1)
9.4 Stability
127(1)
9.5 Postlexical tone
128(1)
9.6 The Obligatory Contour Principle
129(5)
9.6.1 Violating the OCP
130(4)
9.7 Conclusion
134(1)
10 Between the segment and the syllable 135(22)
10.1 Introduction
135(1)
10.2 A skeletal tier
135(2)
10.3 Syllabification: the Maximum Onset Principle
137(2)
10.3.1 The sonority profile
138(1)
10.4 Arguments for the CV tier
139(6)
10.4.1 The templatic use of the CV tier
139(3)
10.4.2 Unfilled and unassociated slots
142(1)
10.4.3 Compensatory lengthening
143(2)
10.5 Moras
145(4)
10.6 Syllable-based generalizations
149(1)
10.7 Post-MOP syllabification rules
150(5)
10.7.1 Ambisyllabicity in English
151(4)
10.8 Conclusion
155(2)
11 Feature geometry 157(13)
11.1 Introduction
157(1)
11.2 Two properties of assimilations
157(1)
11.3 Natural feature classes
158(1)
11.4 Building a tree
159(5)
11.4.1 The place node
160(1)
11.4.2 The laryngeal node
161(1)
11.4.3 The supralaryngeal node
162(2)
11.5 Spreading and delinking
164(2)
11.5.1 Writing rules
165(1)
11.6 Implications of underspecification
166(3)
11.6.1 Default rules
167(2)
11.7 Conclusion
169(1)
12 Exploiting the feature tree 170(16)
12.1 Introduction
170(1)
12.2 Long-distance assimilation
170(6)
12.2.1 Vowel harmony
174(2)
12.3 Complex segments
176(9)
12.3.1 Evidence for complex segments
179(1)
12.3.2 The representation of palatals and palatoalveolars
180(3)
12.3.3 Distinguishing among palatoalveolars
183(2)
12.4 Conclusion
185(1)
13 Stress and feet 186(13)
13.1 Introduction
186(1)
13.2 The phonological nature of stress
186(2)
13.2.1 Metrical feet and feet in poetry
187(1)
13.3 Stress as an absolute property of segments: linear phonology
188(3)
13.4 Stress as relative prominence: nonlinear phonology
191(6)
13.4.1 A parametric theory of relative prominence
191(2)
13.4.2 Four types of bounded stress system
193(4)
13.5 Conclusion
197(2)
14 Further constraining stress 199(18)
14.1 Introduction
199(1)
14.2 Iambic and trochaic rhythm
199(5)
14.3 Foot-based rules
204(3)
14.3.1 Quantitative adjustments
204(1)
14.3.2 Foot-based segmental rules
205(2)
14.4 Stress and morphology
207(2)
14.5 Stress and Optimality Theory
209(7)
14.5.1 Constraining stress
210(6)
14.6 Conclusion
216(1)
15 Phonology above the word 217(16)
15.1 Introduction
217(1)
15.2 Generalizations involving prosodic constituents
218(1)
15.3 The Strict Layer Hypothesis
219(1)
15.4 Factors determining prosodic phrasing
220(2)
15.5 The prosodic constituents
222(6)
15.5.1 The utterance
222(1)
15.5.2 The intonational phrase
223(1)
15.5.3 The phonological phrase
224(2)
15.5.4 The phonological word
226(2)
15.6 Deriving prosodic constituents
228(3)
15.6.1 Clitics
229(1)
15.6.2 The syntactic residue
230(1)
15.7 Prosodic constituency below the phonological word
231(1)
15.8 Conclusion
232(1)
Epilogue 233(2)
Key to questions 235(30)
References 265(11)
Language index 276(5)
Subject index 281


Carlos Gussenhoven, University of Nijmegen, the Netherlands Haike Jacobs, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands