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El. knyga: Unlocking the Brain: Volume 1: Coding

(Director of Research Unit for Mind, Brain imaging and Neuroethics, Canada Research Chair, EJLB-Michael Smith Chair for Neuroscience and Mental Health, Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada)
  • Formatas: PDF+DRM
  • Išleidimo metai: 11-Nov-2013
  • Leidėjas: Oxford University Press Inc
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780199383979
  • Formatas: PDF+DRM
  • Išleidimo metai: 11-Nov-2013
  • Leidėjas: Oxford University Press Inc
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780199383979

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Neuroscience has made considerable progress in figuring out how the brain works. We know much about the molecular-genetic and biochemical underpinnings of sensory and motor functions, and recent neuroimaging work has opened the door to investigating the neural underpinnings of higher-order cognitive functions, such as memory, attention, and even free will. In these types of investigations, researchers apply specific stimuli to induce neural activity in the brain and look for the function in question. However, there may be more to the brain and its neuronal states than the changes in activity we induce by applying particular external stimuli.

In Volume 1 of Unlocking the Brain, Georg Northoff presents his argument for how the brain must code the relationship between its resting state activity and stimulus-induced activity in order to enable and predispose mental states and consciousness. By presupposing such a basic sense of neural code, the author ventures into different territories and fields of current neuroscience, including a comprehensive exploration of the features of resting state activity as distinguishable from and stimulus-induced activity; sparse coding and predictive coding; and spatial and temporal features of the resting state itself. This yields a unique and novel picture of the brain, and will have a major and lasting impact on neuroscientists working in neuroscience, psychiatry, and related fields.
List of Figures
vii
Preface xi
Introduction xiii
PART I ENCODING EXTRINSIC STIMULI
1(68)
1 Sparse Coding and Natural Statistics
3(22)
2 Sparse Coding and Neural Inhibition
25(19)
3 Sparse Coding on a Regional Level
44(25)
PART II ENCODING INTRINSIC ACTIVITY
69(74)
4 Spatial Structure of Intrinsic Activity
73(25)
5 Temporal Structure of Intrinsic Activity
98(21)
6 Sparse Coding of Intrinsic Activity
119(24)
PART III ENCODING PREDICTIONS
143(60)
7 Predictive Coding and Difference-Based Coding
145(16)
8 Predictive Coding and Social and Vegetative Statistics
161(18)
9 Predictive Coding and the Brain's Neuronal Statistics
179(24)
PART IV ENCODING EXTRINSIC ACTIVITY
203(94)
10 Stimulus-Stimulus Interaction and Neural Coding
207(23)
11 Rest-Stimulus Interaction and Difference-Based Coding
230(26)
12 Rest-Stimulus Interaction and GABA-ergic Neural Inhibition
256(41)
Epilogue: A Quick Guide to a Future "Theory of Brain Activity"
289(8)
Appendices
297
Appendix 1 Neuroempirical Remark: Resting-State Activity versus Stimulus-Induced Activity---Continuity Hypothesis
299(8)
Appendix 2 Neurotheoretical Remark: Localizationism versus Holism
307(8)
Appendix 3 Neuroepistemological Remark: Brain versus Observer
315(12)
References
327(26)
Index
353
Georg Northoff holds a rare combination of academic titles: two PhDs and an MD respectively in neuroscience, philosophy, and psychiatry. Northoff is currently the Director of the Research Unit for Mind, Brain imaging and Neuroethics, Canada Research Chair, and EJLB-Michael Smith Chair for Neuroscience and Mental Health at the Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa.