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Unlocking Criminal Law 5th New edition [Minkštas viršelis]

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(Chief-Examiner and Educational Consultant), (Northumbria University, UK)
  • Formatas: Paperback / softback, 602 pages, aukštis x plotis: 246x189 mm, weight: 1204 g, 55 Line drawings, color; 26 Tables, color
  • Serija: Unlocking the Law
  • Išleidimo metai: 11-Mar-2015
  • Leidėjas: Routledge
  • ISBN-10: 1138780936
  • ISBN-13: 9781138780934
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Unlocking Criminal Law 5th New editionDidesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: Paperback / softback, 602 pages, aukštis x plotis: 246x189 mm, weight: 1204 g, 55 Line drawings, color; 26 Tables, color
  • Serija: Unlocking the Law
  • Išleidimo metai: 11-Mar-2015
  • Leidėjas: Routledge
  • ISBN-10: 1138780936
  • ISBN-13: 9781138780934
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Pastovi nuoroda: https://www.kriso.lt/db/9781138780934.html
Raktažodžiai:
Unlocking Criminal Law will help you grasp the main concepts of the subject with ease. Containing accessible explanations in clear and precise terms that are easy to understand, it provides an excellent foundation for learning and revising Criminal Law.









The information is clearly presented in a logical structure and the following features support learning helping you to advance with confidence:





















Clear learning outcomes at the beginning of each chapter set out the skills and knowledge you will need to get to grips with the subject













Key Facts boxes throughout each chapter allow you to progressively build and consolidate your understanding













End-of-chapter summaries provide a useful check-list for each topic













Cases and judgments are highlighted to help you find them and add them to your notes quickly













Frequent activities and self-test questions are included so you can put your knowledge into practice













Sample essay questions with annotated answers prepare you for assessment













Glossary of legal terms clarifies important definitions















This edition has been updated to include discussion of recent changes and developments within the module, such as the first cases under the Corporate Manslaughter and Corporate Homicide Act 2007, recent case law in the areas of self-defence, loss of control, intoxication, constructive manslaughter, and sexual offences, as well as expanded chapters on defences and additional opportunities for practicing problem questions.



The books in the Unlocking the Law Series get straight to the point and offer clear and concise coverage of the law, broken-down into bite-size sections with regular recaps to boost your confidence. They provide complete coverage of both core and popular optional law modules, presented in an innovative, visual format and are supported by a website which offers students a host of additional practice opportunities.









Visit www.unlockingthelaw.co.uk for access to free study resources, including multiple choice questions, key questions and answers, revision mp3s and cases and materials exercises.
Acknowledgements xiv
Guide to the book xv
Preface xvii
List of figures
xviii
Table of cases
xix
Table of statutory instruments
xxxv
Table of legislation
xxxvi
Table of European instruments
xlviii
PART I CONCEPTS IN CRIMINAL LAW
1(314)
1 Introduction To Criminal Law
3(30)
1.1 Purpose of criminal law
3(4)
1.1.1 Should the law enforce moral values?
4(2)
1.1.2 Example of the changing nature of criminal law
6(1)
1.2 Sources of criminal law
7(3)
1.2.1 Common law offences
7(1)
1.2.2 Statutory offences
8(1)
1.2.3 Codification of the criminal law
8(2)
1.2.4 Reform of the law
10(1)
1.3 Defining a crime
10(2)
1.3.1 Conduct criminalised by the judges
10(1)
1.3.2 Retroactive effect of case law
11(1)
1.4 Classification of offences
12(2)
1.4.1 Classifying law by its source
12(1)
1.4.2 Categories for purposes of police powers of detention
12(1)
1.4.3 Classifying by the type of harm caused by the crime
13(1)
1.4.4 Classification by where a case will be tried
13(1)
1.5 Criminal justice system
14(4)
1.5.1 Trials in the magistrates' courts
14(1)
1.5.2 Trials in the Crown Court
14(1)
1.5.3 Appeals from a magistrates' court
15(1)
1.5.4 Appeals from trials in the Crown Court
16(2)
1.5.5 The hierarchy of the courts
18(1)
1.6 Sentencing
18(1)
1.6.1 Purposes of sentencing
18(1)
1.7 Elements of a crime
18(1)
1.8 Burden and standard of proof
19(2)
1.8.1 Presumption of innocence
19(1)
1.8.2 Raising a defence
20(1)
1.8.3 Standard of proof
21(1)
1.9 Criminal law and human rights
21(12)
1.9.1 The right to a fair trial
22(1)
1.9.2 Burden of proof
22(4)
1.9.3 No punishment without law
26(2)
1.9.4 Other human rights
28(2)
1.9.5 Human rights and criminal procedure
30(2)
Further reading
32(1)
2 Actus Reus
33(28)
2.1 The physical element
33(2)
2.1.1 Conduct and consequences
34(1)
2.1.2 Circumstances
34(1)
2.1.3 The physical element alone is not a crime
34(1)
2.1.4 Omissions
35(1)
2.2 Voluntary conduct
35(1)
2.3 Omissions
35(8)
2.3.1 Commission by omission
35(1)
2.3.2 Imposition of a duty to act
36(6)
2.3.3 Breach of duty to act
42(1)
2.3.4 Reform
42(1)
2.4 Causation
43(18)
2.4.1 Factual causation
43(1)
2.4.2 Legal causation
44(13)
Sample essay questions
57(3)
Further reading
60(1)
3 Mens Rea
61(22)
3.1 The mental element
61(1)
3.2 Intention
62(5)
3.2.1 Direct intention
62(1)
3.2.2 Oblique intention
62(5)
3.3 Recklessness
67(5)
3.3.1 The Cunningham test
67(1)
3.3.2 The Caldwell years: 1981--2003
68(1)
3.3.3 Back to Cunningham: G and another
69(3)
3.4 Negligence
72(1)
3.5 Dishonesty
72(1)
3.6 Transferred malice
72(4)
3.7 Coincidence of actus reus and mens rea
76(7)
Sample essay question
79(2)
Further reading
81(2)
4 Strict Liability
83(30)
4.1 Absolute liability
84(1)
4.2 Strict liability
85(4)
4.2.1 No due diligence defence
87(1)
4.2.2 No defence of mistake
87(2)
4.2.3 Summary of strict liability
89(1)
4.3 Common law strict liability offences
89(1)
4.4 Statutory strict liability offences
90(17)
4.4.1 The presumption of mens rea
91(1)
4.4.2 The Gammon criteria
91(1)
4.4.3 Looking at the wording of an Act
92(2)
4.4.4 Quasi-criminal offences
94(2)
4.4.5 Strict liability and human rights
96(2)
4.4.6 Issues of social concern
98(1)
4.4.7 Promoting enforcement of the law
99(1)
4.4.8 Twenty-first century cases
100(7)
4.5 Justification for strict liability
107(2)
4.5.1 Arguments against strict liability
108(1)
4.6 Proposals for reform
109(4)
Sample essay question
110(2)
Further reading
112(1)
5 Parties To A Crime
113(28)
5.1 Principal offenders
113(1)
5.1.1 Difficulties in identifying the principal
113(1)
5.2 Innocent agents
114(1)
5.3 Secondary parties
114(19)
5.3.1 Actus reus of secondary parties: aiding, abetting, counselling or procuring
114(6)
5.3.2 Mens rea of secondary parties
120(2)
5.3.3 Joint enterprise
122(11)
5.4 Withdrawal from participation
133(2)
5.4.1 Pre-planned criminal activity
133(1)
5.4.2 Spontaneous criminal activity
134(1)
5.5 Assisting an offender
135(1)
5.6 Reform
136(5)
Sample essay question
139(1)
Further reading
140(1)
6 Inchoate Offences
141(32)
6.1 Inchoate offences
141(1)
6.2 Attempt
142(10)
6.2.1 Actus reus of attempt
142(4)
6.2.2 Mens rea of attempt
146(2)
6.2.3 Impossibility
148(2)
6.2.4 Excluded offences
150(1)
6.2.5 Successful attempts
151(1)
6.2.6 Reform
151(1)
6.3 Conspiracy
152(9)
6.3.1 Actus reus of statutory conspiracy
152(2)
6.3.2 Mens rea of statutory conspiracy
154(4)
6.3.3 Common law conspiracy
158(2)
6.3.4 Impossibility
160(1)
6.4 Assisting or encouraging crime
161(12)
6.4.1 Background
161(1)
6.4.2 Liability under the Serious Crime Act 2007
161(2)
6.4.3 Actus reus elements
163(1)
6.4.4 Mens rea elements
164(2)
6.4.5 No requirement for substantive offence to be committed (s 49)
166(1)
6.4.6 Defence of `acting reasonably' (s 50)
166(1)
6.4.7 Defence for victims (s 51)
167(1)
6.4.8 Impossibility
167(1)
6.4.9 Attempt liability
167(1)
6.4.10 Evaluation of the Serious Crime Act 2007
168(3)
Sample essay question
171(1)
Further reading
172(1)
7 Capacity
173(36)
7.1 Children
174(4)
7.1.1 Children under the age of ten
174(1)
7.1.2 Child safety orders
175(1)
7.1.3 Children aged ten and over
175(3)
7.2 Mentally ill persons
178(3)
7.2.1 Unfitness to plead
178(2)
7.2.2 Insanity at time of offence
180(1)
7.2.3 Diminished responsibility
180(1)
7.2.4 Sentencing mentally ill offenders
180(1)
7.3 Vicarious liability
181(5)
7.3.1 Extended meaning of words
182(1)
7.3.2 Delegation principle
182(3)
7.3.3 Reasons for vicarious liability
185(1)
7.3.4 Criticisms of vicarious liability
185(1)
7.4 Corporate liability
186(8)
7.4.1 Exceptions to the general rule of liability
186(1)
7.4.2 The principle of identification
187(5)
7.4.3 Vicarious liability
192(1)
7.4.4 Breach of statutory duty
193(1)
7.5 Corporate manslaughter
194(15)
7.5.1 Previous law
194(2)
7.5.2 Reform of corporate manslaughter
196(1)
7.5.3 Corporate Manslaughter and Corporate Homicide Act 2007
197(2)
7.5.4 Is the Act working?
199(3)
7.5.5 Why make organisations criminally liable for manslaughter?
202(4)
Sample essay question
206(1)
Further reading
207(2)
8 General Defences
209(62)
8.1 Duress
209(19)
8.1.1 Sources of the duress
210(1)
8.1.2 The seriousness of the threat
210(1)
8.1.3 Threats against whom?
211(1)
8.1.4 Imminence of the threat, opportunities to escape and police protection
212(1)
8.1.5 Duress does not exist in the abstract
213(1)
8.1.6 Voluntary exposure to risk of compulsion
214(3)
8.1.7 Should D have resisted the threats?
217(3)
8.1.8 The scope of the defence
220(5)
8.1.9 The development of duress of circumstances
225(3)
8.2 Necessity
228(6)
8.3 Marital coercion
234(1)
8.4 Mistake
234(2)
8.4.1 Mistakes of fact
234(1)
8.4.2 Mistakes of law
235(1)
8.5 Self-defence and related defences
236(14)
8.5.1 The necessity of force
237(4)
8.5.2 The reasonableness of force
241(3)
8.5.3 Intoxication, mistake and self-defence
244(2)
8.5.4 `Grossly disproportionate' force in `householder' cases
246(2)
8.5.5 Should excessive force in homicide reduce murder to manslaughter?
248(2)
8.6 Consent
250(21)
8.6.1 Consent must be real
250(1)
8.6.2 Consent and fraud
250(3)
8.6.3 The scope of consent
253(10)
8.6.4 The impact of the European Convention on Human Rights (1950) and the Human Rights Act 1998
263(4)
Sample essay question
267(1)
Further reading
268(3)
9 Mental Capacity Defences
271(44)
9.1 Insanity
271(14)
9.1.1 Procedure
271(1)
9.1.2 The special verdict
272(1)
9.1.3 The M'Naghten Rules
272(7)
9.1.4 Situations not covered by the rules
279(1)
9.1.5 Criticism and reform proposals
280(5)
9.2 Automatism
285(6)
9.2.1 What is automatism?
285(1)
9.2.2 The need for an evidential foundation
285(1)
9.2.3 Extent of involuntariness required
286(2)
9.2.4 Self-induced automatism
288(1)
9.2.5 Reflex actions
289(1)
9.2.6 Reform
290(1)
9.3 Intoxication
291(24)
9.3.1 Intoxication is no defence if D still formed mens rea
292(1)
9.3.2 Involuntary intoxication
293(3)
9.3.3 Voluntary intoxication
296(7)
9.3.4 `Dutch courage'
303(1)
9.3.5 Intoxication and insanity
303(2)
9.3.6 Intoxication and automatism
305(1)
9.3.7 Intoxicated mistakes
305(1)
9.3.8 Criticism and reform proposals
306(4)
Sample essay questions
310(3)
Further reading
313(2)
PART II SPECIFIC OFFENCES
315(265)
10 Homicide
317(62)
10.1 Actus reus of homicide
317(3)
10.1.1 Human being: birth
317(1)
10.1.2 Human being: death
318(1)
10.1.3 Under the King or Queen's Peace
318(1)
10.1.4 Within any county of the realm
318(1)
10.1.5 The year and a day rule
319(1)
10.2 Murder
320(3)
10.2.1 Intention
320(1)
10.2.2 Grievous bodily harm
320(1)
10.2.3 Procedure in murder trials
320(1)
10.2.4 Mercy killings and euthanasia
321(2)
10.3 Voluntary manslaughter
323(26)
10.3.1 Diminished responsibility
323(12)
10.3.2 Loss of self-control
335(13)
10.3.3 Suicide pacts
348(1)
10.4 Involuntary manslaughter
349(13)
10.4.1 Constructive manslaughter
349(6)
10.4.2 Gross negligence manslaughter
355(6)
10.4.3 Reckless manslaughter
361(1)
10.4.4 Reform
362(1)
10.5 Causing or allowing the death or serious physical harm of a child or vulnerable adult
362(2)
10.6 Causing death by dangerous driving
364(1)
10.7 Infanticide
365(1)
10.8 Offences against a foetus
366(2)
10.8.1 Child destruction
366(1)
10.8.2 Procuring a miscarriage
367(1)
10.9 Reform of the law of homicide
368(11)
10.9.1 The structure of homicide offences
368(1)
10.9.2 First-degree murder
368(1)
10.9.3 Second-degree murder
369(1)
10.9.4 Manslaughter
369(1)
10.9.5 Intention
370(1)
10.9.6 Duress
370(1)
10.9.7 A single offence of criminal homicide?
370(4)
Sample essay questions
374(3)
Further reading
377(2)
11 Non-Fatal Offences Against The Person
379(28)
11.1 Common assault
380(8)
11.1.1 Actus reus of assault
380(2)
11.1.2 Actus reus of battery
382(5)
11.1.3 Mens rea of assault and battery
387(1)
11.2 Section 47
388(5)
11.2.1 Actus reus of s 47
389(1)
11.2.2 Mens rea of s 47
390(1)
11.2.3 Consent and s 47
391(2)
11.3 Section 20
393(3)
11.3.1 Actus reus of s 20
393(2)
11.3.2 Mens rea of s 20
395(1)
11.4 Section 18
396(3)
11.4.1 Actus reus of s 18
397(1)
11.4.2 Mens rea of s 18
397(2)
11.5 Reform
399(2)
11.6 Racially or religiously aggravated assaults
401(1)
11.7 Administering poison
402(5)
11.7.1 Administer
402(1)
11.7.2 Noxious thing
402(1)
11.7.3 Maliciously
403(2)
Sample essay question
405(1)
Further reading
406(1)
12 Sexual Offences
407(28)
12.1 Rape
408(17)
12.1.1 Penetration of the vagina, anus or mouth of another person, with the penis
409(1)
12.1.2 The absence of consent
410(13)
12.1.3 Intent to penetrate
423(1)
12.1.4 Lack of reasonable belief
423(2)
12.1.5 The marital exception to rape
425(1)
12.1.6 Women as defendants
425(1)
12.2 Assault by penetration
425(2)
12.3 Sexual assault
427(2)
12.4 Causing a person to engage in sexual activity
429(1)
12.5 Other crimes under the Sexual Offences Act 2003
430(5)
Sample essay question
432(1)
Further reading
433(2)
13 Theft
435(40)
13.1 Background
435(2)
13.1.1 Theft
436(1)
13.1.2 The elements of theft
437(1)
13.2 Appropriation
437(12)
13.2.1 Assumption of the rights of an owner
438(1)
13.2.2 Consent to the appropriation
439(1)
13.2.3 The decision in Gomez
440(4)
13.2.4 Consent without deception
444(2)
13.2.5 Appropriation of credit balances
446(2)
13.2.6 Protection of innocent purchasers
448(1)
13.3 Property
449(4)
13.3.1 Things which cannot be stolen
450(1)
13.3.2 Real property
451(1)
13.3.3 Things in action
451(1)
13.3.4 Other intangible property
452(1)
13.4 Belonging to another
453(6)
13.4.1 Possession or control
453(2)
13.4.2 Proprietary right or interest
455(1)
13.4.3 Property received under an obligation
456(2)
13.4.4 Property got by a mistake
458(1)
13.5 Dishonestly
459(7)
13.5.1 Dishonesty
459(2)
13.5.2 The Ghosh test
461(3)
13.5.3 Problems with the Ghosh test
464(2)
13.6 With intention to permanently deprive
466(9)
13.6.1 Borrowing or lending
468(1)
13.6.2 Conditional disposition
469(3)
Sample essay question
472(1)
Further reading
473(2)
14 Robbery, Burglary And Other Offences In The Theft Acts
475(38)
14.1 Robbery
475(8)
14.1.1 The actus reus of robbery
476(1)
14.1.2 Theft as an element of robbery
476(1)
14.1.3 Force or threat of force
477(2)
14.1.4 Force immediately before or at the time of the theft
479(1)
14.1.5 Force in order to steal
480(1)
14.1.6 Mens rea for robbery
480(1)
14.1.7 Possible reform of law of robbery
481(2)
14.2 Burglary
483(5)
14.2.1 The actus reus of burglary
483(1)
14.2.2 Entry
484(1)
14.2.3 Building or part of a building
484(1)
14.2.4 As a trespasser
485(2)
14.2.5 Mens rea of burglary
487(1)
14.2.6 Burglary of a dwelling
487(1)
14.3 Aggravated burglary
488(2)
14.3.1 Has with him
489(1)
14.4 Removal of items from a place open to the public
490(1)
14.4.1 Actus reus of removal of items from a public place
490(1)
14.5 Taking a conveyance without consent
491(3)
14.5.1 Actus reus of taking a conveyance
491(1)
14.5.2 Without consent
492(1)
14.5.3 Conveyance
493(1)
14.5.4 Mens rea of taking a conveyance
493(1)
14.6 Aggravated vehicle-taking
494(1)
14.6.1 Dangerous driving
494(1)
14.6.2 Injury or damage
495(1)
14.7 Abstracting electricity
495(1)
14.8 Blackmail
495(4)
14.8.1 Demand
496(1)
14.8.2 Unwarranted demand
496(1)
14.8.3 Menaces
497(1)
14.8.4 View to gain or loss
498(1)
14.9 Handling stolen goods
499(5)
14.9.1 Goods
500(1)
14.9.2 Stolen
500(1)
14.9.3 Handling
501(1)
14.9.4 Undertaking or assisting
502(1)
14.9.5 Mens rea of handling
503(1)
14.10 Going equipped for stealing
504(3)
14.10.1 Actus reus of going equipped
504(3)
14.10.2 Mens rea of going equipped
507(1)
14.11 Making off without payment
507(6)
14.11.1 Actus reus of making off without payment
507(1)
14.11.2 Mens rea of making off without payment
508(3)
Sample essay question
511(1)
Further reading
512(1)
15 Fraud
513(24)
15.1 Background to the Fraud Act 2006
513(1)
15.2 The need for reform
514(2)
15.2.1 Proposals for reform
515(1)
15.3 Fraud Act 2006
516(1)
15.4 Fraud by false representation
516(8)
15.4.1 False representation
516(4)
15.4.2 False
520(1)
15.4.3 Gain or loss
521(1)
15.4.4 Mens rea of s 2
522(2)
15.5 Fraud by failing to disclose information
524(2)
15.5.1 Legal duty
525(1)
15.5.2 Mens rea of s 3
525(1)
15.6 Fraud by abuse of position
526(3)
15.6.1 Occupies a position
526(1)
15.6.2 Abuse of position
527(1)
15.6.3 Mens rea of s 4
528(1)
15.7 Possession of articles for use in fraud
529(1)
15.7.1 Mens rea of s 6
529(1)
15.8 Making or supplying articles for use in frauds
530(1)
15.8.1 Mens rea of s 7
530(1)
15.9 Obtaining services dishonestly
531(6)
15.9.1 Actus reus of obtaining services dishonestly
531(1)
15.9.2 Mens rea of obtaining services dishonestly
532(3)
Sample essay question
535(1)
Further reading
536(1)
16 Criminal Damage
537(22)
16.1 The basic offence
537(12)
16.1.1 Destroy or damage
538(2)
16.1.2 Property
540(1)
16.1.3 Belonging to another
541(1)
16.1.4 Mens rea of the basic offence
541(4)
16.1.5 Without lawful excuse
545(4)
16.2 Endangering life
549(4)
16.2.1 Danger to life
549(1)
16.2.2 Life not actually endangered
550(1)
16.2.3 Own property
551(1)
16.2.4 Mens rea
551(2)
16.3 Arson
553(1)
16.4 Threats to destroy or damage property
554(1)
16.5 Possessing anything with intent to destroy or damage property
554(1)
16.6 Racially aggravated criminal damage
555(4)
Sample essay question
557(1)
Further reading
558(1)
17 Public Order Offences
559(21)
17.1 Riot
560(2)
17.1.1 The actus reus of riot
560(1)
17.1.2 Mens rea of riot
561(1)
17.1.3 Trial and penalty
562(1)
17.2 Violent disorder
562(2)
17.2.1 Present together
562(1)
17.2.2 Mens rea of violent disorder
563(1)
17.2.3 Comparison with riot
563(1)
17.2.4 Trial and Penalty
564(1)
17.3 Affray
564(2)
17.3.1 Actus reus of affray
564(1)
17.3.2 Mens rea of affray
565(1)
17.3.3 Trial and penalty
565(1)
17.4 Fear or provocation of violence
566(2)
17.4.1 Actus reus of a s 4 offence
566(1)
17.4.2 Threatening, abusive or insulting
567(1)
17.4.3 Towards another person
567(1)
17.4.4 Mens rea of s 4
567(1)
17.5 Intentionally causing harassment, alarm or distress
568(3)
17.5.1 Defences
570(1)
17.6 Harassment, alarm or distress
571(3)
17.6.1 Defences
573(1)
17.6.2 Mens rea of a s 5 offence
574(1)
17.7 Racially aggravated public order offences
574(6)
Sample essay question
578(1)
Further reading
579(1)
Appendix 1 580(2)
Appendix 2 582(6)
Glossary of legal terminology 588(2)
Index 590
Jacqueline Martin LLM, ten years' experience as a practising barrister and has taught law at all levels.



Tony Storey LLM is Senior Lecturer in Law at Northumbria University.