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Unlocking the English Legal System 6th edition [Kietas viršelis]

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(University of Sussex, UK), , (Nottingham Trent University, UK)
  • Formatas: Hardback, 422 pages, aukštis x plotis: 246x189 mm, weight: 1170 g
  • Serija: Unlocking the Law
  • Išleidimo metai: 04-Dec-2019
  • Leidėjas: Routledge
  • ISBN-10: 0367277468
  • ISBN-13: 9780367277468
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Unlocking the English Legal System 6th editionDidesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: Hardback, 422 pages, aukštis x plotis: 246x189 mm, weight: 1170 g
  • Serija: Unlocking the Law
  • Išleidimo metai: 04-Dec-2019
  • Leidėjas: Routledge
  • ISBN-10: 0367277468
  • ISBN-13: 9780367277468
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Pastovi nuoroda: https://www.kriso.lt/db/9780367277468.html
Raktažodžiai:

Unlocking the English Legal System will help you grasp the main concepts of the legal system in England and Wales with ease. Containing accessible explanations in clear and precise terms that are easy to understand, it provides an excellent foundation for learning and revising. This edition also contains four new chapters: on European Law and the English Legal System; Legal Reasoning; Alternative Dispute Resolution; and Legal Skills and Examination Preparation. In addition, this edition considers the legal consequences of the UK’s decision to leave the EU, or ‘Brexit’; the proposed Solicitors Qualifying Examination that will be introduced in 2021; the Lammy Review of Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME) representation in the Criminal Justice System; and the proposals for a new Online Court in the civil justice system.

The books in the Unlocking the Law Series get straight to the point and offer clear and concise coverage of the law, broken-down into bite-size sections with regular recaps to boost your confidence. They provide complete coverage of both core and popular optional law modules, presented in an innovative, visual format.

Acknowledgements xiv
Guide to the book xv
Preface xvii
List of figures xviii
Table of cases xx
Tables of statutes and other instruments xxv
1 The Sources Of Law 1(26)
1.1 The English legal system
1(1)
1.2 The sources of law
2(1)
1.3 The courts
3(2)
1.3.1 The Supreme Court of the UK
4(1)
1.4 The common law
5(4)
1.4.1 Problems of the common law
5(1)
1.4.2 Development of equity
6(3)
1.5 Parliament
9(4)
1.5.1 Legislation
9(1)
1.5.2 The enactment process
9(4)
1.6 Delegated legislation
13(6)
1.6.1 Statutory instruments
13(1)
1.6.2 Legislative Reform Orders
14(1)
1.6.3 By-laws
15(1)
1.6.4 Orders of the Legislative Committee of the Privy Council
15(1)
1.6.5 Parliamentary control of secondary legislation
16(1)
1.6.6 Judicial control of secondary legislation
17(2)
1.7 Law reform
19(4)
1.7.1 Judges
19(1)
1.7.2 Parliament
20(1)
1.7.3 The law reform agencies
20(2)
1.7.4 Royal Commissions
22(1)
1.7.5 Academics
22(1)
1.7.6 Pressure groups
22(1)
1.7.7 Media pressure
22(1)
Sample essay question
23(2)
Further reading
25(2)
2 The English Legal System And European Law 27(22)
2.1 The English Legal System and International Law
27(2)
2.2 The European Union
29(6)
2.2.1 The Treaty of Rome
29(1)
2.2.2 The remaining EU treaties
30(1)
2.2.3 UK membership of the EU
31(2)
2.2.4 The role of the Court of Justice of the European Union
33(1)
2.2.5 Effect on parliamentary sovereignty
33(2)
2.3 Brexit
35(6)
2.3.1 The referendum and its background
35(1)
2.3.2 Invoking Article 50 TEU
35(2)
2.3.3 The European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018
37(1)
2.3.4 Agreeing the Withdrawal Agreement and Political Declaration
38(2)
2.3.5 The future trading relationship
40(1)
2.4 European Convention on Human Rights
41(5)
2.4.1 The Human Rights Act 1998
41(5)
Sample essay question
46(1)
Further reading
47(2)
3 The Doctrine Of Judicial Precedent 49(32)
3.1 What is the doctrine of precedent?
50(1)
3.2 How does the doctrine of precedent operate?
51(5)
3.2.1 The court hierarchy
51(1)
3.2.2 Ratio decidendi and obiter dicta
52(3)
3.2.3 Persuasive precedent
55(1)
3.3 The doctrine as applied in individual courts
56(13)
3.3.1 The Supreme Court
56(5)
3.3.2 The Court of Appeal (Civil Division)
61(4)
3.3.3 The Court of Appeal (Criminal Division)
65(1)
3.3.4 The Divisional Courts of the High Court
66(1)
3.3.5 The High Court
66(1)
3.3.6 The Crown Court
66(1)
3.3.7 County Courts and Magistrates' Courts
67(1)
3.3.8 The Court of Justice of the European Union
67(1)
3.3.9 The Judicial Committee of the Privy Council
67(2)
3.4 The Human Rights Act 1998
69(2)
3.5 The declaratory theory
71(4)
3.6 Avoiding precedents
75(3)
3.6.1 Distinguishing
75(2)
3.6.2 Reversing
77(1)
3.6.3 Overruling
77(1)
3.7 Pros and cons of precedent
78(1)
Sample essay question
79(1)
Further reading
80(1)
4 Statutory Interpretation 81(46)
4.1 Introduction
81(6)
4.1.1 The need for statutory interpretation
81(3)
4.1.2 Applying the law
84(1)
4.1.3 Judicial law-making
85(1)
4.1.4 Interpretation or construction?
86(1)
4.1.5 Parliamentary definitions
87(1)
4.2 The three 'rules'
87(8)
4.2.1 The literal rule
88(2)
4.2.2 The golden rule
90(2)
4.2.3 The mischief rule
92(3)
4.3 The purposive approach
95(6)
4.3.1 European influence
99(2)
4.4 Literal approach versus purposive approach
101(7)
4.5 Rules of language
108(2)
4.5.1 The ejusdem generis rule
108(1)
4.5.2 Expressio unius est exclusio alterius (the express mention of one thing excludes others)
109(1)
4.5.3 Noscitur a sociis (a word is known by the company it keeps)
109(1)
4.6 Presumptions
110(2)
4.7 Intrinsic and extrinsic aids
112(8)
4.7.1 Intrinsic aids
112(1)
4.7.2 Extrinsic aids
112(1)
4.7.3 The use of Hansard
113(4)
4.7.4 Law reform reports
117(1)
4.7.5 International conventions
118(2)
4.8 The effect of the Human Rights Act 1998
120(2)
Sample problem question
122(2)
Further reading
124(3)
5 Legal Reasoning 127(24)
5.1 Introduction
127(1)
5.2 What is legal reasoning?
127(2)
5.3 The Case of the Spelucean Explorers
129(5)
5.3.1 The facts of the case
130(2)
5.3.2 The Judgments of the Court
132(2)
5.3.3 What can this fictional case tell us?
134(1)
5.4 Legal formalism
134(3)
5.5 Legal realism
137(2)
5.6 Legal positivism
139(3)
5.7 Natural law
142(2)
5.8 Critical legal studies
144(3)
Sample essay question
147(1)
Further reading
148(3)
6 Civil Courts 151(34)
6.1 Introduction to the courts system
151(5)
6.1.1 Civil and criminal cases
151(3)
6.1.2 Superior courts and inferior courts
154(1)
6.1.3 Appellate courts and trial courts
154(1)
6.1.4 Courts and tribunals
155(1)
6.2 Civil courts of trial
156(5)
6.2.1 Queen's Bench Division
156(1)
6.2.2 Chancery Division
157(1)
6.2.3 Family Division
157(1)
6.2.4 County Court
157(1)
6.2.5 Small claims
158(1)
6.2.6 The track system
158(1)
6.2.7 Transfer of cases between the County Court and the High Court
159(2)
6.3 Problems in the civil justice system
161(1)
6.3.1 The Civil Justice Review
161(1)
6.3.2 The Heilbron-Hodge Committee
162(1)
6.4 The Woolf Report
162(10)
6.4.1 The track system
163(1)
6.4.2 Civil procedure
163(1)
6.4.3 Case management
164(1)
6.4.4 Pre-action protocols
165(1)
6.4.5 Encouraging ADR
165(1)
6.4.6 Strict timetables
165(1)
6.4.7 Judgment in default and summary judgment
166(1)
6.4.8 Part 36 offers to settle
166(1)
6.4.9 Are the Woolf reforms a success?
167(5)
6.5 Enforcement of judgment
172(1)
6.6 Online Courts
173(1)
6.7 Tribunals
174(6)
6.7.1 Administrative tribunals
175(1)
6.7.2 Tribunals, Courts and Enforcement Act 2007
175(1)
6.7.3 Composition and procedure
176(2)
6.7.4 Advantages and disadvantages of tribunals
178(1)
6.7.5 Domestic tribunals
179(1)
Sample problem question
180(2)
Further reading
182(3)
7 Alternative Dispute Resolution 185(14)
7.1 Alternative dispute resolution
185(1)
7.2 Negotiation
186(1)
7.3 Mediation
187(1)
7.4 Conciliation
187(1)
7.5 Online dispute resolution
188(1)
7.6 Dispute resolution services
188(1)
7.7 Arbitration
188(4)
7.8 Encouraging the use of ADR
192(1)
7.9 Has ADR been a success?
193(3)
Sample essay question
196(2)
Further reading
198(1)
8 Criminal Courts And Procedure 199(22)
8.1 Introduction
199(2)
8.2 The Criminal Procedure Rules
201(1)
8.3 The Crown Prosecution Service
201(4)
8.3.1 Code for Crown Prosecutors
202(2)
8.3.2 The Glidewell Report
204(1)
8.3.3 Victims' Right to Review
204(1)
8.4 Advance sentence indication
205(1)
8.4.1 Advance indication of sentence not plea-bargaining
205(1)
8.4.2 The Goodyear rules
206(1)
8.5 Courts exercising criminal jurisdiction
206(1)
8.6 Appellate courts
206(2)
8.6.1 The Court of Justice of the European Union
207(1)
8.6.2 The Judicial Committee of the Privy Council
207(1)
8.6.3 The Supreme Court
208(1)
8.6.4 The Court of Appeal (Criminal Division)
208(1)
8.6.5 The High Court of Justice
208(1)
8.6.6 The Crown Court - appellate jurisdiction
208(1)
8.7 Criminal courts of first instance
208(2)
8.7.1 Adversarial system
208(1)
8.7.2 The Crown Court
209(1)
8.7.3 The Magistrates' Court
209(1)
8.8 Classification of criminal offences
210(5)
8.8.1 Indictable Only offences
210(1)
8.8.2 Summary offences
211(1)
8.8.3 Offences triable either way
211(3)
8.8.4 The choice: Magistrates' Court or Crown Court?
214(1)
8.9 The 'right' to trial by jury
215(3)
8.9.1 The Auld Report
215(1)
8.9.2 The Criminal Justice Act 2003
216(1)
8.9.3 Do we have the 'right' to elect jury trial?
217(1)
Sample essay question
218(1)
Further reading
219(2)
9 Appeals 221(22)
9.1 Introduction
221(1)
9.2 Appeals in civil proceedings
222(3)
9.2.1 The Access to Justice Act 1999
222(2)
9.2.2 The Court of Appeal (Civil Division)
224(1)
9.2.3 The Supreme Court of the UK
224(1)
9.2.4 Other appeals in civil cases
225(1)
9.3 Appeals in criminal proceedings
225(1)
9.4 Prosecution appeals
226(3)
9.4.1 Section 36 Criminal Justice Act 1972
226(1)
9.4.2 Section 36 Criminal Justice Act 1988
226(1)
9.4.3 Sections 54 and 55 Criminal Procedure and Investigations Act 1996
226(1)
9.4.4 Appeals against a judge's erroneous decision - Criminal Justice Act 2003
226(1)
9.4.5 Abolition of the rule against double jeopardy - Criminal Justice Act 2003
227(2)
9.5 Defence appeals
229(4)
9.5.1 Appeal following summary trial
229(1)
9.5.2 Appeal following trial on indictment
230(3)
9.6 The Supreme Court
233(1)
9.7 Other courts
234(1)
9.8 The Criminal Cases Review Commission
235(4)
Sample essay question
239(2)
Further reading
241(2)
10 Funding 243(20)
10.1 Access to justice
243(1)
10.2 Public funding
244(2)
10.2.1 History
244(1)
10.2.2 The Access to Justice Act 1999
245(1)
10.3 The Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012 (LAPSO)
246(2)
10.3.1 Service providers
246(1)
10.3.2 Criteria for civil legal aid services
246(1)
10.3.3 Availability of legal aid
247(1)
10.4 Government funding in civil cases
248(4)
10.4.1 Means testing
248(2)
10.4.2 Problems with funding of civil cases
250(2)
10.5 Private funding
252(3)
10.5.1 Conditional fee agreements
252(1)
10.5.2 How conditional fees work
252(1)
10.5.3 Success fee
253(1)
10.5.4 Insurance premiums
253(1)
10.5.5 Are conditional fees working?
254(1)
10.6 Advice in civil cases
255(2)
10.6.1 Civil Legal Advice
255(1)
10.6.2 Service providers
255(1)
10.6.3 Other advice agencies
255(1)
10.6.4 Citizens' Advice Bureaux
255(1)
10.6.5 Law centres
256(1)
10.6.6 Schemes run by lawyers
256(1)
10.6.7 Insurance
257(1)
10.7 Legal aid in criminal cases
257(3)
10.7.1 Merits: the 'interests of justice test'
257(1)
10.7.2 Means test
258(1)
10.7.3 Advice and assistance for individuals in custody
259(1)
10.7.4 The Public Defender Service
259(1)
Sample essay question
260(2)
Further reading
262(1)
11 Juries 263(36)
11.1 Introduction
263(1)
11.1.1 The independence of the jury
263(1)
11.1.2 Modern-day use of the jury
264(1)
11.2 Jury qualifications
264(6)
11.2.1 Basic qualifications
264(2)
11.2.2 Disqualification from jury service
266(1)
11.2.3 Excusal from jury service
266(1)
11.2.4 Discretionary excusals
267(1)
11.2.5 Make-up of jury panels
268(1)
11.2.6 Police and prosecutors on jury service
268(2)
11.3 Selection at court
270(3)
11.3.1 Lack of capacity
271(1)
11.3.2 Vetting
271(1)
11.3.3 At court
271(1)
11.3.4 Challenging
272(1)
11.3.5 Aids for the jury
272(1)
11.4 Juries in civil cases
273(5)
11.4.1 Defamation cases
274(2)
11.4.2 Damages in defamation cases
276(1)
11.4.3 Juries in personal injury cases
276(2)
11.5 Juries in Coroners' Courts
278(1)
11.6 Juries in criminal cases
278(2)
11.6.1 Verdicts
279(1)
11.7 Secrecy of the jury room
280(5)
11.7.1 Common law rule
281(2)
11.7.2 Human rights and jury secrecy
283(2)
11.7.3 Practice Direction
285(1)
11.8 Research into juries
285(3)
11.9 Advantages of trial by jury
288(1)
11.9.1 Public confidence
288(1)
11.9.2 Jury equity
288(1)
11.9.3 Panel of 12
289(1)
11.10 Disadvantages of trial by jury
289(4)
11.10.1 Racial composition and bias
289(1)
11.10.2 Media influence
290(1)
11.10.3 Perverse verdicts
291(1)
11.10.4 Domestic Violence, Crime and Victims Act 2004
291(1)
11.10.5 High acquittal rates
292(1)
11.10.6 Other disadvantages
292(1)
11.11 Alternatives to trial by jury
293(1)
Sample essay question
294(2)
Further reading
296(3)
12 Lay Magistrates 299(22)
12.1 Introduction
299(1)
12.1.1 Lay magistrates
299(1)
12.1.2 District Judges
300(1)
12.2 History of the magistracy
300(1)
12.3 Qualifications for lay magistrates
300(2)
12.3.1 Age
301(1)
12.3.2 Limitations
301(1)
12.3.3 Six key personal qualities
301(1)
12.3.4 Area
302(1)
12.3.5 Commitment
302(1)
12.3.6 Allowances
302(1)
12.4 Selection and appointment of lay magistrates
302(2)
12.4.1 Recruitment
302(1)
12.4.2 Advisory committees
303(1)
12.5 Training of lay magistrates
304(3)
12.5.1 Training for new magistrates
305(2)
12.6 Resignation and removal of lay justices
307(1)
12.6.1 Retirement
308(1)
12.6.2 Removal
308(1)
12.7 Magistrates' duties
308(4)
12.7.1 Criminal cases
308(1)
12.7.2 Civil cases
309(1)
12.7.3 Youth Court
309(1)
12.7.4 Family Court
309(2)
12.7.5 Immunity from suit
311(1)
12.8 The magistrates' clerk
312(1)
12.9 Advantages of using lay magistrates
313(3)
12.9.1 Cross-section of society
313(1)
12.9.2 Local knowledge
314(1)
12.9.3 Cost
315(1)
12.9.4 Legal adviser
315(1)
12.9.5 Few appeals
315(1)
12.10 Disadvantages of lay magistrates
316(2)
12.10.1 Middle-aged, middle-class
316(1)
12.10.2 Prosecution bias
316(1)
12.10.3 Inconsistency in sentencing
316(1)
12.10.4 Racial bias
317(1)
12.10.5 Reliance on the clerk
317(1)
Sample essay question
318(2)
Further reading
320(1)
13 The Legal Professions 321(28)
13.1 Introduction
321(1)
13.2 Paralegals and legal executives
322(2)
13.2.1 CILEx
323(1)
13.3 Current training routes to becoming a solicitor
324(1)
13.4 Solicitors
325(13)
13.4.1 Organisation
325(2)
13.4.2 Education and training
327(2)
13.4.3 The solicitors qualifying examination
329(3)
13.4.4 The work of solicitors
332(4)
13.4.5 Complaints
336(2)
13.5 Barristers
338(1)
13.5.1 Organisation
338(6)
13.5.2 Training
339(1)
13.5.3 Work
340(2)
13.5.4 Complaints
342(2)
13.6 The legal profession - the future?
344(2)
Sample essay question
346(1)
Further reading
347(2)
14 The Judiciary 349(22)
14.1 Introduction
349(4)
14.1.1 The Lord Chancellor
350(1)
14.1.2 The Constitutional Reform Act 2005
351(1)
14.1.3 The Supreme Court
352(1)
14.2 The judicial hierarchy
353(1)
14.3 Training
353(1)
14.4 A note about judicial appointments
354(1)
14.5 The inferior judges
355(1)
14.5.1 District Judge (Magistrates' Court)
355(1)
14.5.2 District Judge (County Court)
355(1)
14.5.3 Recorder
356(1)
14.5.4 Circuit Judge
356(1)
14.6 The senior judges
356(3)
14.6.1 High Court Judge
356(1)
14.6.2 Lord Justice of Appeal
357(1)
14.6.3 Head of Division
357(1)
14.6.4 Justice of the Supreme Court
358(1)
14.7 The composition of the judiciary
359(6)
14.7.1 The judiciary, subjectivity and impartiality
362(1)
14.7.2 The politics of the judiciary
363(2)
14.8 Dismissal and judicial independence
365(3)
Sample essay question
368(1)
Further reading
369(2)
15 Sentencing 371(24)
15.1 Introduction
371(1)
15.1.1 Maximum sentences
371(1)
15.1.2 Minimum sentences
372(1)
15.1.3 Dangerous offenders
372(1)
15.1.4 Young offenders
372(1)
15.2 Purposes of sentencing
372(7)
15.2.1 Punishment
374(2)
15.2.2 Deterrence
376(1)
15.2.3 Reform and rehabilitation
377(1)
15.2.4 Protection of the public
377(1)
15.2.5 Reparation
378(1)
15.2.6 Denunciation
379(1)
15.3 Custodial sentences
379(3)
15.3.1 Life sentences
380(1)
15.3.2 Fixed-term sentence
381(1)
15.3.3 Suspended sentences
381(1)
15.4 Community orders
382(2)
15.4.1 Unpaid work requirement
383(1)
15.4.2 Activity requirement
383(1)
15.4.3 Curfew requirement
383(1)
15.4.4 Exclusion order
383(1)
15.4.5 Supervision requirement
384(1)
15.5 Young offenders
384(1)
15.5.1 Custodial sentences
384(1)
15.5.2 Youth Rehabilitation Orders
385(1)
15.6 Fines and discharges
385(1)
15.7 Sentencing practice
386(4)
15.7.1 Seriousness
386(2)
15.7.2 Reduction for a guilty plea
388(1)
15.7.3 Thresholds
388(1)
15.7.4 Pre-sentence reports
389(1)
15.8 Prison statistics
390(2)
Sample problem question
392(2)
Further reading
394(1)
16 Legal Skills And Examination Preparation 395(16)
16.1 Introduction
395(1)
16.2 Lectures and seminars
396(1)
16.3 Research skills
396(2)
16.3.1 Neutral citations
397(1)
16.3.2 The hierarchy of law reports
398(1)
16.4 Key skills in writing
398(2)
16.5 Answering problem-based questions
400(2)
16.6 Answering a discussion-based essay
402(3)
16.7 Examples of answers to discussion-based essays
405(4)
Further reading
409(2)
Index 411
Tom Frost is Lecturer in Legal Theory at the University of Sussex (http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8990-4158).

Rebecca (Becky) Huxley-Binns is Pro-Vice-Chancellor (Education) at the University of Hull, having previously held the role of Vice-Provost, Academic Enhancement, at the University of Law. She was Law Teacher of the Year in 2010. Becky became a National Teaching Fellow in 2012 and Principal Fellow of the HEA in 2017.

Jacqueline Martin practised as a barrister for ten years before becoming a law lecturer. She was also chief examiner for a major awarding body for ten years, and has written and edited many law textbooks.