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Unlocking Evidence 2nd New edition [Minkštas viršelis]

(University of West London, UK), (University of West London, UK)
  • Formatas: Paperback / softback, 408 pages, aukštis x plotis: 246x189 mm, weight: 862 g, 40; 3 Tables, color
  • Serija: Unlocking the Law
  • Išleidimo metai: 30-Apr-2013
  • Leidėjas: Hodder Education
  • ISBN-10: 1444171038
  • ISBN-13: 9781444171037
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Unlocking Evidence 2nd New editionDidesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: Paperback / softback, 408 pages, aukštis x plotis: 246x189 mm, weight: 862 g, 40; 3 Tables, color
  • Serija: Unlocking the Law
  • Išleidimo metai: 30-Apr-2013
  • Leidėjas: Hodder Education
  • ISBN-10: 1444171038
  • ISBN-13: 9781444171037
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Pastovi nuoroda: https://www.kriso.lt/db/9781444171037.html
Raktažodžiai:
"Unlocking Evidence brings the law to life with diagrams, key facts charts and activities to ensure that you engage with, and fully understand, evidence"--

"Unlocking Evidence will ensure that you grasp the main concepts with ease providing you with an indispensable foundation in the subject. The book explains in detailed, yet straightforward, terms: The burdens and standards of proof Testimony of witnesses; Disclosure of evidence and protection from disclosure; privilege and public interest immunity Course of trial Hearsay Confessions and other illegally obtained evidence Evidence of bad character in criminal proceedingsAdmissibility of bad character evidence of defendants Corroboration, lies, care warnings and identification evidence Opinion, documentary and real evidenceThis second edition is fully up-to-date with the latest changes in the law and now includes discussion of witness anonymity, an expandedsection on special measures, more detail on illegally obtained evidence, plus discussion of the context of the law, such as an increasing emphasis on victims. The Unlocking the Law series is designed specifically to make the law accessible. Each chapter opens with a list of aims and objectives, contains activities such as quick quizzes and self-test questions, key facts charts to consolidate your knowledge, and diagrams to aid learning. Cases and judgments are prominently displayed, as are primary sourcequotations. Summaries help check your understanding of each chapter, there is a glossary of legal terminology. New features include problem questions with guidance on answering, as well as essay questions and answer plans, plus cases and materials exercises. "--

Unlocking Evidence will ensure that you grasp the main concepts with ease providing you with an indispensable foundation in the subject. The book explains in detailed, yet straightforward, terms:
  • The burdens and standards of proof
  • Testimony of witnesses
  • Disclosure of evidence and protection from disclosure; privilege and public interest immunity
  • Course of trial
  • Hearsay
  • Confessions and other illegally obtained evidence
  • Evidence of bad character in criminal proceedings
  • Admissibility of bad character evidence of defendants
  • Corroboration, lies, care warnings and identification evidence
  • Opinion, documentary and real evidence

    This second edition is fully up-to-date with the latest changes in the law and now includes discussion of witness anonymity, an expanded section on special measures, more detail on illegally obtained evidence, plus discussion of the context of the law, such as an increasing emphasis on victims.

    The Unlocking the Law series is designed specifically to make the law accessible. Each chapter opens with a list of aims and objectives, contains activities such as quick quizzes and self-test questions, key facts charts to consolidate your knowledge, and diagrams to aid learning. Cases and judgments are prominently displayed, as are primary source quotations. Summaries help check your understanding of each chapter, there is a glossary of legal terminology. New features include problem questions with guidance on answering, as well as essay questions and answer plans, plus cases and materials exercises.
    • Guide to the book ix
    Acknowledgements xi
    Preface xii
    List of figures
    		xiii
    Table of cases
    		xv
    Table of statutes and other instruments
    		xxvii
    1 AN INTRODUCTION TO THE SUBSTANTIVE LAW OF EVIDENCE
    1.1 Introduction
    		1(1)
    1.2 The exclusionary approach of the English law of evidence
    		2(2)
    1.3 Types of judicial evidence
    		4(4)
    1.3.1 Direct or percipient evidence
    		5(1)
    1.3.2 Circumstantial evidence
    		5(1)
    1.3.3 Hearsay
    		6(1)
    1.3.4 Original evidence
    		6(1)
    1.3.5 Primary and secondary evidence
    		6(1)
    1.3.6 Conclusive evidence
    		7(1)
    1.3.7 Presumptive evidence
    		7(1)
    1.3.8 Oral evidence or testimony
    		7(1)
    1.3.9 Real evidence
    		7(1)
    1.4 Facts
    		8(4)
    1.4.1 Facts in issue: criminal cases
    		8(1)
    1.4.2 Facts in issue: civil cases
    		9(1)
    1.4.3 Facts in issue: formal admissions
    		9(1)
    1.4.4 Facts in issue: collateral facts
    		10(1)
    1.4.5 Facts in issue: relevant facts
    		10(2)
    1.5 Admissibility, weight and discretion
    		12(2)
    1.5.1 Admissibility
    		12(1)
    1.5.2 Weight
    		13(1)
    1.5.3 Discretion
    		13(1)
    1.6 Judge and jury
    		14(2)
    1.6.1 Questions of law
    		14(1)
    1.6.2 Questions of fact
    		15(1)
    1.7 Instances in which proof is unnecessary
    		16(4)
    1.8 The binding nature of judicial findings
    		20(1)
    1.9 Procedural rules: criminal and civil
    		21(2)
    2 THE LAW OF EVIDENCE: THE BURDENS AND STANDARDS OF PROOF
    2.1 Introduction
    		23(5)
    2.1.1 Several burdens
    		23(1)
    2.1.2 Legal burden
    		24(1)
    2.1.3 Evidential burden
    		24(1)
    2.1.4 Evidential burden of proof?
    		24(2)
    2.1.5 Party with legal and evidential burdens
    		26(1)
    2.1.6 Separate evidential burden
    		27(1)
    2.1.7 Importance of distinguishing legal and evidential burdens
    		27(1)
    2.2 Incidence of the legal burden of proof
    		28(22)
    2.2.1 Civil cases
    		28(5)
    2.2.2 Criminal cases - general rule - the `golden thread' theory
    		33(2)
    2.2.3 Exceptions in criminal cases
    		35(15)
    2.3 Evidential burden
    		50(1)
    2.3.1 Shifting of the evidential burden
    		50(1)
    2.4 Standards of proof
    		51(8)
    2.4.1 Criminal cases
    		51(2)
    2.4.2 Discharge of the legal burden by the accused
    		53(1)
    2.4.3 Discharge of the legal burden in civil cases
    		54(2)
    2.4.4 Discharge of the evidential burden
    		56(3)
    2.5 Tactical burden
    		59(4)
    3 TESTIMONY OF WITNESSES
    3.1 Introduction
    		63(1)
    3.2 Attendance of witnesses at court
    		63(1)
    3.3 Order of presentation of evidence
    		64(3)
    3.3.1 Re-opening the prosecution case
    		65(2)
    3.4 Evidence: sworn/unsworn or solemn affirmation
    		67(1)
    3.4.1 Oath
    		67(1)
    3.4.2 Solemn affirmation
    		68(1)
    3.5 Competence and compellability of witnesses
    		68(12)
    3.5.1 Civil cases
    		68(1)
    3.5.2 Sworn evidence
    		69(1)
    3.5.3 Unsworn evidence of children in civil cases
    		69(1)
    3.5.4 Criminal cases
    		70(4)
    3.5.5 Sworn/unsworn evidence
    		74(1)
    3.5.6 The defendant
    		75(2)
    3.5.7 The defendant's spouse/civil partner in criminal cases
    		77(3)
    3.6 Special measures directions
    		80(7)
    3.7 Witness anonymity orders
    		87(5)
    3.8 Miscellaneous
    		92(1)
    3.9 Training or coaching of witnesses/familiarisation
    		93(6)
    4 THE DISCLOSURE OF EVIDENCE AND PROTECTION FROM DISCLOSURE: PRIVILEGE AND PUBLIC INTEREST IMMUNITY
    4.1 Introduction
    		99(1)
    4.2 Disclosure
    		100(2)
    4.3 Privilege
    		102(9)
    4.3.1 Privilege against self-incrimination
    		103(4)
    4.3.2 Legal professional privilege
    		107(4)
    4.4 Journalistic privilege
    		111(1)
    4.5 Negotiations without prejudice
    		111(2)
    4.6 Public interest immunity
    		113(9)
    4.6.1 Requirements on party seeking disclosure
    		115(2)
    4.6.2 Necessity of disclosure
    		117(1)
    4.6.3 Public policy
    		117(2)
    4.6.4 Waiver and objection
    		119(1)
    4.6.5 Contrasting privilege and PII
    		119(3)
    5 SILENCE: THE EFFECT ON AN ACCUSATION
    5.1 Introduction
    		122(1)
    5.2 The historical development and significance of silence
    		122(1)
    5.3 Silence at common law
    		123(3)
    5.4 Silence under the CJPOA 1994
    		126(11)
    5.4.1 Section 34: failure to mention facts when questioned
    		127(6)
    5.4.2 Section 35: A failure to testify
    		133(2)
    5.4.3 Section 36: failure to account for objects, substances or marks that incriminate the accused
    		135(2)
    5.5 Human rights: fair trials and adverse inferences
    		137(4)
    6 COURSE OF TRIAL
    6.1 Introduction
    		141(1)
    6.2 Examination in chief
    		142(24)
    6.2.1 No leading questions
    		142(1)
    6.2.2 Refreshing the memory of witnesses
    		142(8)
    6.2.3 Unfavourable and hostile witnesses
    		150(6)
    6.2.4 Previous consistent statements (self-serving or narrative statements or the rule against manufactured evidence)
    		156(10)
    6.3 Cross-examination
    		166(29)
    6.3.1 Sections 41-43: of the Youth Justice and Criminal Evidence Act 1999
    		167(9)
    6.3.2
    Chapter II: protection from cross-examination by the accused in person
    		176(1)
    6.3.3 Omission to cross-examine
    		177(1)
    6.3.4 Distinction between cross-examination as to issue and credit
    		177(3)
    6.3.5 Sections 4 and 5 of the Criminal Procedure Act 1865 (previous inconsistent statements)
    		180(3)
    6.3.6 Finality of answers to questions in cross-examination as to credit
    		183(1)
    6.3.7 Exceptions to the Hitchcock rule
    		184(11)
    7 HEARSAY: THE EXCLUSIONARY RULE
    7.1 Introduction
    		195(4)
    7.2 Classifying evidence as hearsay evidence
    		199(1)
    7.2.1 Rationale for exclusion
    		199(1)
    7.3 A different (inclusionary) approach under the Criminal Justice Act 2003 - in outline
    		200(13)
    7.3.1 Previous statements or assertions - analysis of hearsay
    		201(3)
    7.3.2 The purpose of tendering the evidence
    		204(1)
    7.3.3 Statements relevant only to truth
    		205(1)
    7.3.4 Original evidence/non-hearsay statements
    		206(7)
    7.4 The common law exceptions to the rule
    		213(7)
    7.4.1 The res gestae
    		213(3)
    7.4.2 Statements evidencing the physical or mental state of the maker
    		216(1)
    7.4.3 Statements by the deceased
    		216(1)
    7.4.4 Declarations against an interest
    		216(1)
    7.4.5 Declarations in the course of a duty
    		217(1)
    7.4.6 Public documents containing facts
    		217(1)
    7.4.7 Informal admissions
    		218(1)
    7.4.8 Binding admissions
    		218(1)
    7.4.9 Substance: what can be admitted?
    		219(1)
    7.5 Non-hearsay confessions
    		220(3)
    7.5.1 Other statements
    		220(3)
    8 HEARSAY: ADMISSIBILITY IN CRIMINAL CASES
    8.1 Introduction
    		223(1)
    8.2 The statutory exceptions and criminal cases
    		223(3)
    8.2.1 The interests of justice
    		225(1)
    8.3 Statutory exceptions and documentary hearsay
    		226(5)
    8.4 The safeguards: sections 124 to 126
    		231(2)
    8.5 Further exceptions to the hearsay rule
    		233(1)
    8.6 Other issues
    		234(1)
    8.7 The impact of human rights on the admission of hearsay evidence
    		234(5)
    9 HEARSAY: CIVIL CASES
    9.1 Introduction
    		239(1)
    9.2 The use of hearsay evidence in civil cases
    		239(8)
    9.2.1 The Civil Evidence Act 1995
    		240(1)
    9.2.2 Section 1: CEA 1995
    		240(1)
    9.2.3 Section 2: CEA 1995
    		240(1)
    9.2.4 Section 3: CEA 1995
    		240(1)
    9.2.5 Section 4: CEA 1995: weight
    		241(1)
    9.2.6 Section 5: CEA 1995: competence and credibility
    		241(1)
    9.2.7 Section 6: CEA 1995: previous statements
    		241(1)
    9.2.8 Section 7: CEA 1995: common law
    		242(1)
    9.2.9 Section 8: CEA 1995
    		242(1)
    9.2.10 Sections 9 and 10: CEA 1995
    		242(5)
    10 CONFESSIONS AND EVIDENCE OBTAINED UNLAWFULLY
    10.1 Introduction
    		247(1)
    10.2 The common law development of confession evidence
    		247(4)
    10.2.1 Definition of a confession
    		248(2)
    10.2.2 Admissibility
    		250(1)
    10.2.3 Exclusion: general
    		251(1)
    10.3 Exclusion: specific
    		251(5)
    10.3.1 Section 76 and exclusion by reason of oppression
    		252(1)
    10.3.2 Section 76 and exclusion by reason of unreliability
    		253(2)
    10.3.3 Causation
    		255(1)
    10.4 Exclusion of evidence under s 78 of the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984
    		256(2)
    10.5 The effect of exclusion
    		258(1)
    10.6 Presentation of confession evidence
    		259(2)
    10.6.1 Remarks that are prejudicial to a defendant
    		259(1)
    10.6.2 Remarks that exculpate or incriminate a defendant
    		260(1)
    10.6.3 Remarks that incriminate a co-accused
    		260(1)
    10.7 Challenging and using confession evidence
    		261(3)
    10.8 Confessions made by mentally handicapped persons
    		264(1)
    10.9 Other illegally obtained evidence
    		264(5)
    11 EVIDENCE OF BAD CHARACTER IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS
    11.1 Introduction
    		269(1)
    11.2 Meaning of character evidence prior to the Criminal Justice Act 2003
    		269(2)
    11.3 Good character
    		271(3)
    11.3.1 Directions as to good character
    		271(3)
    11.4 Disposition evidence of bad character of the defendant at common law (similar fact evidence)
    		274(2)
    11.5 Abolition of the common law rules and the Criminal Evidence Act 1898
    		276(1)
    11.6 Definition of bad character
    		277(10)
    11.6.1 Exclusion from the definition of bad character
    		281(6)
    12 ADMISSIBILITY OF BAD CHARACTER EVIDENCE OF WITNESSES AND DEFENDANTS
    12.1 Introduction and outline of the scheme of the Act
    		287(1)
    12.2 Grounds for admitting bad character evidence - non-defendant's bad character
    		287(5)
    12.3 Requirement of leave
    		292(2)
    12.4 Bad character evidence of the defendant
    		294(18)
    12.4.1 Gateway (a)- s 101(1)(a): `agreement between parties'
    		294(1)
    12.4.2 Gateway (b)- s 101(1)(b): `evidence added by the defendant'
    		294(1)
    12.4.3 Gateway (c) - s 101(1)(c): `important explanatory evidence'
    		295(2)
    12.4.4 Gateway (d) - s 101(1)(d): `relevant to an important matter in issue between the defendant and the prosecution'
    		297(5)
    12.4.5 Gateway (e) - s 101(1)(e): `important matter in issue between the defendant and the co-defendant'
    		302(4)
    12.4.6 Gateway (f) - s 101(1)(f): `correct a false impression given by the defendant'
    		306(2)
    12.4.7 Gateway (g) - s 101(1)(g): `attack on another person's character'
    		308(4)
    12.5 Warning by judge
    		312(2)
    12.5.1 Sparing use of bad character provisions
    		312(1)
    12.5.2 Directions by the judge
    		313(1)
    12.6 Contaminated evidence
    		314(1)
    12.7 Duty to give reasons
    		315(1)
    12.8 Rules of court
    		316(1)
    12.9 Other statutes admitting evidence of the bad character of the defendant
    		317(1)
    12.10 Bad character of defendants in civil cases
    		318(6)
    13 CORROBORATION, LIES, CARE WARNINGS AND IDENTIFICATION EVIDENCE
    3.1 Introduction
    		324(1)
    13.2 Corroboration
    		324(5)
    13.2.1 Admissible and independent evidence
    		326(2)
    13.2.2 Supporting or confirming the commission of the criminal offence by the defendant
    		328(1)
    13.3 Corroboration: as a matter of law or practice
    		329(1)
    13.4 The development of corroboration warnings
    		330(3)
    13.4.1 The evidence of an accomplice
    		330(2)
    13.4.2 The evidence of children
    		332(1)
    13.4.3 The evidence of a victim of a sexual offence
    		332(1)
    13.5 Care warnings
    		333(1)
    13.6 R v Turnbull guidelines
    		334(3)
    13.6.1 Guideline 1
    		334(1)
    13.6.2 Guideline 2
    		335(1)
    13.6.3 Guideline 3
    		336(1)
    13.6.4 Guideline 4
    		336(1)
    13.7 Voice identification or earwitness evidence
    		337(1)
    13.8 Failure to follow guidelines
    		337(1)
    13.9 Dispensation with a warning
    		338(1)
    13.10 Accused conduct: lies told by the accused (in or out of court)
    		339(4)
    14 OPINION, DOCUMENTARY AND REAL EVIDENCE
    14.1 Introduction
    		343(1)
    14.2 Opinion evidence
    		343(8)
    14.2.1 Expert opinion
    		344(7)
    14.3 Non-expert opinion evidence
    		351(1)
    14.4 Opinion evidence of reputation
    		352(1)
    14.5 Previous judgments - hearsay?
    		352(1)
    14.6 Common law rule: Hollington v Hewthorn
    		352(3)
    14.6.1 Section 11 CEA 1968
    		353(1)
    14.6.2 Sections 12-13 CEA 1968: adultery, paternity and defamation
    		354(1)
    14.6.3 Issues in the use of ss 11-13 CEA 1968
    		355(1)
    14.7 The use of previous criminal convictions in criminal cases
    		355(2)
    14.8 Documentary and real evidence
    		357(6)
    14.8.1 Documentary evidence
    		357(2)
    14.8.2 Real evidence
    		359(4)
    Index 363
    Dr Charanjit Singh is a barrister and Field Leader Law and Criminology, University of West London



    Mohamed Ramjohn LLM, JP, is a barrister and Principal Lecturer in Law at the University of West London