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El. knyga: Unsettled International Intellectual Property Issues

  • Formatas: 238 pages
  • Išleidimo metai: 21-Jan-2008
  • Leidėjas: Kluwer Law International
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9789041131119
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Unsettled International Intellectual Property IssuesDidesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: 238 pages
  • Išleidimo metai: 21-Jan-2008
  • Leidėjas: Kluwer Law International
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9789041131119
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Kongolo (World Intellectual Property Organization) examines and provides his own recommendations concerning major outstanding challenges in global intellectual property law. Topics addressed include the relationship between intellectual property and public health, intellectual property protection for traditional knowledge and cultural expressions, the implications of advances in biotechnology for intellectual property law, intellectual property on the Internet and the issue of territoriality, and challenges in regard to the protection of geographical indications at the international level. Annotation ©2008 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)
Foreword xiii
Acknowledgements xv
Abbreviations xix
Introduction xxi
Chapter 1 Intellectual Property and Public Health 1
Introduction
1
1.1 Scope of Protection of Patents
2
1.2 Rights Conferred
4
1.3 Why Protection Is Important
5
1.4 Compulsory Licencing under International Norms
6
1.4.1 The Paris Convention
6
1.4.2 The TRIPs Agreement
6
1.5 In South African Case and Public Health Concerns
8
1.5.1 The Case
9
1.5.2 Issues
10
1.6 The DohaDeclaration on the TRIPs Agreement and Public Health of 2001
13
1.7 The Decision of the General Council of the WTO of 30 August 2003
17
1.8 The Amendment to the TRIPs Agreement of 6 December 2005
21
18.1 The Protocol Amending the TRIPs Agreement
22
18.2 The Annex to the Protocol (Article 3 ibis to he Incorporated after Article 31)
22
1.8.3 The Annex to the TRIPs Agreement
23
1.8.4 The Appendix to the Annex to the TRIPs Agreement
24
1.9 T he World Health Organization's (WHO) Work on Public Health and Intellectual Property
24
1.10 Is the Marriage between Intellectual Property and Public Health Pleasant?
26
Conclusion
26
Chapter 2 Intellectual Property, Traditional Knowledge and Traditional Cultural Expressions or Expressions of Folklore 29
Introduction
29
2.1 Traditional Knowledge
30
2.1.1 Background
31
2.1.2 Policy Objectives
32
2.1.3 Definition and Delimitation of Scope
33
2.1.3.1 Definition
33
2.1.3.2 Delimitation of Scope
35
2.1.4 Why Protect TK?
35
2.1.4.1 Positive Protection of TK
36
2.1.4.2 Defensive Protection of TK
37
2.1.5 Who Owns TK? Who Are the Beneficiaries of Protection?
39
2.1.6 Misappropriation
39
2.1.7 Is TK Protectable under the Existing IP System?
42
2.1.8 Prior Informed Consent and Fair and Equitable Benefit Sharing
44
2.1.9 Exceptions and Limitations
45
2.1.10 Soft Law versus Binding International Norm(s)
46
2.1.11 TK Issues as Debated Under the WTO's Council for TRIPs
47
2.1.12 The Way Forward
49
2.2 Protection of Traditional Cultural Expressions or Expressions of Folklore
49
2.2.1 Background
50
2.2.2 Objectives
51
2.2.3 Definition and Delimitation of Scope
52
2.2.4 Who Are the Beneficiaries of TCE/EoF Protection?
55
2.2.5 Misappropriation
56
2.2.6 Exceptions and Limitations
57
2.2.7 International Legal Nature
58
2.2.8 Other Debated Issues concerning Protection of TCE or EoF
58
2.2.9 The Way Forward
60
Chapter 3 Protection of New Plant Varieties, Biodiversity and Access to Genetic Resources 63
Introduction
63
3.1 International Legal Framework
64
3.1.1 The International Convention on the Protection of New Varieties of Plants
64
3.1.1.1 Principles
65
3.1.1.1.1 National Treatment
65
3.1.1.1.2 Independence
65
3.1.1.1.3 Priority
65
3.1.1.2 Scope of Protection and Breeders' Rights
66
3.1.1.2.1 Novelty
66
3.1.1.2.2 Distinctiveness
67
3.1.1.2.3 Uniformity
67
3.1.1.2.4 Stability
67
3.1.1.3 Exceptions and Limitations
70
3.1.1.4 Period of Protection
70
3.1.2 The Convention on Biological Diversity
71
3.1.2.1 Objectives
71
3.1.2.2 Biodiversity Conservation
71
3.1.2.3 Access to Genetic Resources and Community Rights
72
3.1.2.4 Draft International Regime on Access and Benefit Sharing
73
3.1.2.4.1 Proposed Objectives
74
3.1.2.4.2 Scope of Applicability
74
3.1.2.4.3 Prior Informed Consent
74
3.1.2.4.4 Disclosure of Country of Origin
75
3.1.2.4.5 Remedies and Sanctions
76
3.1.2.4.6 Misappropriation
76
3.1.3 The FAO's International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture
77
3.1.3.1 Conservation and Access to Genetic Resources
77
3.1.3.2 Farmers' Rights and Traditional Community Rights
78
3.1.3.3 Multilateral System of Access and Benefit-Sharing
79
3.1.4 The African Model Legislation for the Protection of the Rights of Local Communities, Farmers and Breeders, and for the Regulation of Access to Biological Resources
79
3.1.4.1 Objectives
80
3.1.4.2 Scope
80
3.1.4.3 Access to Biological Resources
81
3.1.4.4 Community Rights
82
3.1.4.5 Farmers' Rights
83
3.1.4.6 Plant Breeders' Rights
84
3.1.4.6.1 Conditions
84
3.1.4.6.2 Limitations
85
3.1.4.6.3 Compulsory Licences
85
3.1.4.6.4 Duration
86
3.1.4.6.5 Opposition
86
3.1.5 TRIPs Provisions on Biotechnology and New Plant Varieties
87
3.2 Debated International Issues on Plant Varieties, Biodiversity and Access to Genetic Resources
88
3.2.1 Debated International Issues on Plant Varieties, Biotechnological Inventions, Biodiversity and Genetic Resources in the WTO-Council for TRIPs
88
3.2.1.1 Plant Varieties and the Relationship between the TRIPs Agreement and the UPOV Convention
89
3.2.1.2 The Relationship between the TRIPs Agreement and the CBD
89
3.2.1.3 Biotechnology and the TRIPs Agreement
90
3.2.1.4 Disclosure of the Country of Origin of Genetic Resources
91
3.2.2 The World Intellectual Property Organization's Work on Genetic Resources
95
3.2.2.1 Genetic Resources and the IGC
96
3.2.2.1.1 Defensive Protection of Genetic Resources and Disclosure Requirements in Patent Applications of the Country of Origin of Genetic Resources
96
3.2.2.1.2 Benefit Sharing, the IGC and the CBD
98
3.2.2.2 The WIPO Draft Substantive Patent Law Treaty
100
Conclusion
101
Chapter 4 Issues Relating to the Use of Marks and Other Signs on the Internet 103
Introduction
103
4.1 Under What Conditions Can the Use of a Sign on the Internet be Considered to have Occurred in a Particular Country?
105
4.2 What to Do to Avoid Conflict Where the Owners of Rights in Identical or Similar Signs, Granted for Use in Different Countries, All Use These Signs on the Internet
107
4.3 How Can Courts Take Account of the Territorial Basis of Industrial Property Rights When Determining Remedies?
109
4.4 Cases
109
4.4.1 The Ward v. Brodie & Stone Case
110
4.4.1.1 Facts
110
4.4.1.2 Issues Involved
110
4.4.1.3 Decision
111
4.4.2 The Cecil McBee v. Delica Co., Ltd. Case
111
4.4.2.1 Facts
111
4.4.2.2 Issues Involved
112
4.4.2.3 Decisions
112
4.5 Other Issues
113
Conclusion
114
Chapter 5 Challenges in Respect to Protection of Geographical Indications 117
Introduction
117
5.1 The International Legal Framework
118
5.2 Issues Involved
121
5.2.1 Establishment of a Multilateral Register for Wines and Spirits
121
5.2.1.1 The Binding Registration System Approach
121
5.2.1.2 The Voluntary System Approach
124
5.2.1.3 An Alternative Approach
126
5.2.2 Extension of the Higher Level of Protection to Other Products (beyond Wines and Spirits)
127
5.3 Geographical Indications and the Developing World
129
Conclusion
129
General Conclusion 131
Appendix 1: Amendment of the TRIPs Agreement 135
Appendix 2: Recommendations of the Commission on Intellectual Property Rights, Innovation and Public Health 143
Appendix 3: The Protection of Traditional Knowledge: Revised Objectives and Principles: Policy Objectives 151
Appendix 4: Protection of Traditional Cultural Expressions or Expressions of Folklore: Revised Objectives and Principles: Objectives 155
Appendix 5: International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture 159
Appendix 6: African Model Legislation for the Protection of the Rights of Local Communities, Farmers and Breeders, and for the Regulation of Access to Biological Resources 183
Index 213
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