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Urban Wind Environment: Integrated Climate-Sensitive Planning and Design 1st ed. 2018 [Minkštas viršelis]

  • Formatas: Paperback / softback, 171 pages, aukštis x plotis: 235x155 mm, weight: 454 g, 93 Illustrations, color; 13 Illustrations, black and white; XXXIX, 171 p. 106 illus., 93 illus. in color., 1 Paperback / softback
  • Serija: SpringerBriefs in Architectural Design and Technology
  • Išleidimo metai: 06-Mar-2018
  • Leidėjas: Springer Verlag, Singapore
  • ISBN-10: 9811054509
  • ISBN-13: 9789811054501
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Urban Wind Environment: Integrated Climate-Sensitive Planning and Design 1st ed. 2018Didesnis paveikslėlis
  • Formatas: Paperback / softback, 171 pages, aukštis x plotis: 235x155 mm, weight: 454 g, 93 Illustrations, color; 13 Illustrations, black and white; XXXIX, 171 p. 106 illus., 93 illus. in color., 1 Paperback / softback
  • Serija: SpringerBriefs in Architectural Design and Technology
  • Išleidimo metai: 06-Mar-2018
  • Leidėjas: Springer Verlag, Singapore
  • ISBN-10: 9811054509
  • ISBN-13: 9789811054501
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Pastovi nuoroda: https://www.kriso.lt/db/9789811054501.html
Raktažodžiai:
In the context of urbanization and compact urban living, conventional experience-based planning and design often cannot adequately address the serious environmental issues, such as thermal comfort and air quality. The ultimate goal of this book is to facilitate a paradigm shift from the conventional experience-based ways to a more scientific, evidence-based process of decision making in both urban planning and architectural design stage. This book introduces novel yet practical modelling and mapping methods, and provides scientific understandings of the urban typologies and wind environment from the urban to building scale through real examples and case studies. The tools provided in this book aid a systematic implementation of environmental information from urban planning to building design by making wind information more accessible to both urban planners and architects, and significantly increasing the impact of urban climate information on the practical urban planning and design. This book is a useful reference book to architectural postgraduates, design practitioners and planners, urban climate researchers, as well as policy makers for developing future livable and sustainable cities.

1 High-Density Planning and Challenges
1(18)
1.1 Current Urban Developmen
1(6)
1.1.1 Urbanization
1(1)
1.1.2 Suburbanization (Urban Sprawl)
1(3)
1.1.3 Negative Effects of Current Urban Development on Urban Climate
4(3)
1.2 High-Density Urban Planning
7(3)
1.2.1 Strengths of High-Density Urban Planning
7(1)
1.2.2 Limitations of High-Density Urban Planning
8(2)
1.3 Objectives and Organization of the Book
10(9)
References
13(6)
Part I Urban Scale Wind Environment
2 Empirical Morphological Model to Evaluate Urban Wind Permeability in High-Density Cities
19(24)
2.1 Introduction
19(3)
2.1.1 Background
19(2)
2.1.2 Objectives and Needs of This Study
21(1)
2.2 Literature Review
22(2)
2.2.1 Roughness Characteristics
22(1)
2.2.2 Calculation of Frontal Area Index and Frontal Area Density
23(1)
2.3 Development of New Layer-Based
24(7)
2.3.1 Height of the Podium and Urban Canopy Layer
25(1)
2.3.2 Wind Availability in Hong Kong (MM5/CALMET System)
26(1)
2.3.3 Calculation of in Grids with Uniform Size
27(4)
2.3.4 Grid Sensitivity (Resolution)
31(1)
2.4 Development of Empirical Model
31(1)
2.5 Implementation in Urban Planning
32(6)
2.5.1 Mapping Urban Wind Permeability Using lfiz)
32(1)
2.5.2 Ground Coverage Ratio and Frontal Area Density
33(2)
2.5.3 Mapping Urban Wind Permeability Using GCR
35(3)
2.6 Conclusions
38(5)
References
40(3)
3 Implementation of Morphological Method in Urban Planning
43(12)
3.1 Introduction
43(1)
3.2 Objectives
44(1)
3.3 Approach
45(1)
3.3.1 Morphological Method
45(1)
3.4 Modeling Settings
46(1)
3.4.1 Classification of λf(z)
46(1)
3.4.2 Height Increment "z"
46(1)
3.4.3 Local Prevailing Wind Probability Pθ
47(1)
3.5 Modeling Results
47(1)
3.6 Implementation in Urban Planning
48(1)
3.6.1 Planning Goals and Mitigation Strategies for Hankou
49(1)
3.6.2 Planning Goals and Mitigation Strategies for Wuchang and Hanyang
49(1)
3.7 Conclusions
49(6)
References
51(4)
Part II Neighborhood Scale Wind Environment
4 Semiempirical Model for Fine-Scale Assessment of Pedestrian-Level Wind in High-Density Cities
55(24)
4.1 Introduction
55(1)
4.2 Literature Review
56(1)
4.3 Development of a Morphological Model
57(4)
4.3.1 Relating λf to the Pedestrian-Level Wind Speed at High-Density Areas
58(2)
4.3.2 Adjustment of λf to the Fine-Scale Wind Estimation
60(1)
4.4 Development of Regression Model
61(6)
4.4.1 Regression Analysis for High-Density Urban Areas
62(2)
4.4.2 Regression Analysis for Low-Density Urban Areas
64(3)
4.4.3 Model Performance
67(1)
4.5 Mapping Pedestrian-Level Wind Environment
67(2)
4.6 Implementation
69(3)
4.6.1 District Planning
71(1)
4.6.2 Building Design
72(1)
4.7 Conclusion
72(7)
References
73(6)
Part III Building Scale Wind Environment
5 Building Porosity for Better Urban Ventilation in High-Density Cities
79(22)
5.1 Introduction
79(3)
5.1.1 Background
79(3)
5.2 Literature Review
82(1)
5.2.1 Outline of CFD Numerical Methods for Neutral Turbulence Flows
82(1)
5.3 Validation
83(2)
5.4 Computational Parametric Study
85(5)
5.4.1 Parametric Models
86(3)
5.4.2 Computational Modeling
89(1)
5.5 Modeling Results and Analysis
90(6)
5.5.1 Wind Speed Classification
90(1)
5.5.2 Impact of Input Wind Directions
91(1)
5.5.3 Impact of Building Typologies
92(2)
5.5.4 Comparison of the Vertical Wind Profiles
94(2)
5.6 Conclusion
96(5)
References
98(3)
6 Natural Ventilation Modeling and Analysis for Climate-Sensitive Architecture Design
101(16)
6.1 Introduction
101(1)
6.2 A Hong Kong Case Study
102(2)
6.3 CFD Simulation
104(6)
6.3.1 Boundary Condition Settings
104(1)
6.3.2 Modeling Settings--Domain Size
105(1)
6.3.3 Modeling Settings--Grid Resolution
106(2)
6.3.4 Modeling Settings--Convergence Criteria
108(2)
6.4 Modeling Result Analysis
110(4)
6.4.1 Global Analysis
110(1)
6.4.2 Local Analysis
111(3)
6.5 Conclusion
114(3)
References
114(3)
Part IV Others--Urban Air Quality and Trees
7 Improving Air Quality by Understanding the Relationship Between Air Pollutant Dispersion and Building Morphologies
117(24)
7.1 Introduction
117(3)
7.1.1 Background
117(2)
7.1.2 Literature Review
119(1)
7.2 CFD Simulation
120(4)
7.2.1 Eulerian Method for Species Transport Modeling
120(1)
7.2.2 Optimal Turbulence Model (Validation)
121(3)
7.3 Parametric Study
124(2)
7.3.1 Modeling Settings in the Parametric Study
125(1)
7.4 Result Analysis
126(6)
7.4.1 Cross-Comparison Based on Normalized Concentration Contours
127(3)
7.4.2 Statistical Analysis
130(2)
7.5 Discussion
132(1)
7.6 Urban Permeability
133(3)
7.7 Implementation in Urban Design
136(1)
7.8 Conclusion
137(4)
References
139(2)
8 A Semi-Empirical Model for Urban Trees Effects on the Wind Environment
141(22)
8.1 Introduction
141(4)
8.2 Development of Modeling Method
145(5)
8.2.1 Balance Between Momentum Flux and Drag Force
145(1)
8.2.2 Parametrization of Friction Velocity (u*)
146(3)
8.2.3 Parametrization of Tree Population
149(1)
8.3 Parametric Study
150(5)
8.4 Discussion and Implementation
155(2)
8.5 Conclusion and Future Work
157(6)
References
159(4)
Index 163
Dr. Yuan Chao is an assistant professor in the Department of Architecture of National University of Singapore (NUS). Dr. Yuans research interests are the climate  sensitive urban planning and design for livable and sustainable cities, focusing on urban aerodynamic properties that is difficult but critical part of high-density urban climate. Dr. Yuan has participated in several key policy-level research projects commissioned by Hong Kong Government, as well as actively involved in a few Chinese (e.g., Wuhan and Macau) projects. He developed the Frontal Area Density understanding, which provides an important knowledge linking the built morphology and the citys aerodynamic potentials. This work is now incorporated into Hong Kong and Wu Hans urban climatic research for city planners references.