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El. knyga: Vulnerable Domains for Cross-Linguistic Influence in L2 Acquisition of Greek

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This book investigates adult L2 acquisition, the role of Universal Grammar, and possible cross-linguistic transfer in L2 acquisition. It investigates all the domains vulnerable to cross-linguistic interference in L2 Greek by L1 Russian adult speakers who all reside in the Republic of Cyprus.

The book investigates adult second language (L2) acquisition of Greek by first language (L1) Russian speakers in the bi-dialectal setting of Cyprus. The participants all reside in Cyprus and came from former Soviet republics to Cyprus as young adults. The focus of the study is on the L2 acquisition of determiners, clitics and morphological agreement and relevant interpretable and uninterpretable features such as gender, person, number and case in both nominal and verbal domains. This explorative study of the real linguistic situation in Cyprus concerning adult second language/dialect acquisition tests theoretical hypotheses and provides insight into language development.
List of Tables
23(4)
List of Abbreviations
27(4)
Chapter 1 Introduction
31(12)
1.1 Introduction: L2 acquisition theories
31(3)
1.2 Background to the study
34(4)
1.3 Research questions
38(1)
1.4 Contribution of the dissertation
39(1)
1.5 Dissertation organisation
40(3)
Chapter 2 Second Language Acquisition Theories
43(50)
2.1 Internal/external focus on SLA
43(8)
2.2 Age factor and critical period in L2 acquisition
51(6)
2.3 External and internal factors in L2 acquisition
57(4)
2.4 L1/L2 and adult/child processing
61(4)
2.5 L1/L2 and cross-linguistic transfer
65(5)
2.6 L2 acquisition vs. second dialect acquisition
70(5)
2.7 The role of UG in L2 acquisition
75(18)
2.7.1 Access to UG in LI and L2
75(4)
2.7.2 Feature interpretability
79(1)
2.7.3 Move F, Movement: covert/overt. Features: strong/weak
79(2)
2.7.4 Agree by feature matching
81(2)
2.7.5 Agree by feature sharing
83(2)
2.7.6 Functional categories and inflectional morphology in L2
85(8)
Chapter 3 Methodology
93(26)
3.1 Type of research
93(4)
3.2 Data collection, validity and reliability of research
97(2)
3.3 L2 corpus
99(2)
3.4 Sampling
101(1)
3.5 Ethical considerations/Procedure
102(1)
3.6 Participants
103(4)
3.7 Materials/Procedure
107(9)
3.7.1 Questionnaire
108(3)
3.7.2 Interviews
111(2)
3.7.3 Observation
113(1)
3.7.4 Oral data elicitation
114(2)
3.8 Data transcription, coding and analysis
116(3)
Chapter 4 L2 Greek Clitic Acquisition
119(78)
4.1 Clitics cross-linguistically
119(9)
4.2 Greek clitics
128(22)
4.2.1 CG vs. SMG
134(1)
4.2.2 CG vs. SMG clitics
135(4)
4.2.3 Clitic omission cross-linguistically
139(3)
4.2.4 L1 acquisition of Greek clitics
142(4)
4.2.5 L2 acquisition of Greek clitics and determiners
146(4)
4.3 Predictions: L1 Russian speakers acquire L2 Greek clitics
150(10)
4.4 Object clitic acquisition study
160(21)
4.4.1 Methodology
160(1)
4.4.2 Object clitic omission/substitution
160(3)
4.4.3 Syntactic environments of object clitics
163(5)
4.4.4 Person feature of object clitics
168(3)
4.4.5 3rd person object clitics and gender feature
171(3)
4.4.6 Overt object clitics and distance/referentiality
174(3)
4.4.7 Comparison of omitted and overt object clitics
177(4)
4.5 Extralinguistic variables and clitic production
181(11)
4.5.1 Age factor and object clitic production
181(2)
4.5.2 LoR factor and object clitic production
183(2)
4.5.3 AoO factor and object clitic production
185(2)
4.5.4 Country of origin and object clitic production
187(1)
4.5.5 Level of education and object clitic production
187(1)
4.5.6 Professional level and object clitic production
188(1)
4.5.7 Learning of Greek and object clitic production
188(1)
4.5.8 MLU word and object clitic production
189(1)
4.5.9 Independent proficiency rating and object clitic production
189(3)
4.6 Summary
192(5)
Chapter 5 Acquisition of L2 Greek Determiners
197(66)
5.1 Determiners cross-linguistically
197(7)
5.2 Acquisition of determiners
204(7)
5.2.1 Studies on L2 acquisition of determiners cross-linguistically
206(5)
5.3 Greek determiners
211(14)
5.3.1 L2 acquisition of Greek determiners
215(10)
5.4 Results of the determiner acquisition study
225(1)
5.4.1 Methodology
225(1)
5.5 Indefinite determiners
226(7)
5.5.1 Overt indefinite determiners
226(3)
5.5.2 Omission of indefinite determiners
229(2)
5.5.3 Comparison of omitted and omitted indefinite determiners
231(2)
5.6 Definite determiners
233(12)
5.6.1 Overt definite determiners
233(4)
5.6.2 Omitted definite determiners
237(5)
5.6.3 Comparison of the overt and omitted definite determiners
242(3)
5.7 Comparison of indefinite and definite determiners
245(7)
5.8 Extralinguistic variables and determiner production
252(9)
5.8.1 Age factor and production of indefinite/definite determiners
252(1)
5.8.2 LoR factor and production of definite/indefinite determiners
253(1)
5.8.3 AoO factor and production of definite/indefinite determiners
253(1)
5.8.4 Country of origin factor and production of definite / indefinite determiners
254(1)
5.8.5 Level of education and production of definite/indefinite determiners
255(1)
5.8.6 Profession and production of definite/indefinite determiners
255(1)
5.8.7 Learning of Greek and production of definite/indefinite determiners
256(1)
5.8.8 MLU word and production of definite/indefinite determiners
257(1)
5.8.9 Independent proficiency rating and object clitic production
257(4)
5.9 Summary
261(2)
Chapter 6 Acquisition of L2 Greek Agreement
263(54)
6.1 Morphological agreement
263(9)
6.1.1 Agree/L2 studies on L2 agreement acquisition
263(5)
6.1.2 Greek/Russian morphological agreement
268(3)
6.1.3 L2 Greek agreement acquisition
271(1)
6.2 Gender, number and person features and morphological agreement
272(17)
6.2.1 L2 studies on the acquisition of gender assignment and gender agreement
276(3)
6.2.2 Greek gender
279(6)
6.2.3 Studies on L2 Greek gender acquisition
285(2)
6.2.4 Russian gender
287(2)
6.3 Case/L2 studies on case acquisition
289(4)
6.3.1 Greek vs. Russian case, L2 Greek acquisition issues
290(3)
6.4 Results of the L2 Greek morphological agreement study
293(17)
6.4.1 Methodology
293(1)
6.4.2 Agreement mismatches within DP domain
293(4)
6.4.3 Possessive clitic agreement mismatches
297(3)
6.4.4 Agreement mismatches on object clitics
300(3)
6.4.5 Verbal domain subject-verb agreement errors
303(2)
6.4.6 Subject+adjective predicate agreement errors
305(1)
6.4.7 Agreement errors overall
306(4)
6.5 Extra linguistic factors and agreement errors
310(4)
6.5.1 Age factor and agreement errors
310(1)
6.5.2 LoR factor and agreement errors
310(1)
6.5.3 AoO factor and agreement errors
311(1)
6.5.4 Country of origin and agreement errors
311(1)
6.5.5 Level of education and agreement errors
311(1)
6.5.6 Profession and agreement errors
311(1)
6.5.7 Greek language learning and agreement errors
312(1)
6.5.8 MLU and agreement errors
312(1)
6.5.9 Independent proficiency rating and object clitic production
312(2)
6.6 Summary
314(3)
Chapter 7 Discussion
317(14)
Chapter 8 Conclusions
331(10)
Appendices 341(1)
Appendix 1 341(3)
Appendix 2 344(1)
Appendix 3 345(4)
Appendix 4 349(2)
References 351
Sviatlana Karpava is a Lecturer in Linguistics at the University of Central Lancashire, Cyprus. Her area of research is theoretical and applied linguistics, sociolinguistics, syntax and semantics, first and second language acquisition, bilingualism, multilingualism and dialect acquisition.