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El. knyga: Women's Names in Old English [Taylor & Francis e-book]

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This monograph provides an in-depth study into the issue of vernacular names in Old English documents. Specifically, it challenges the generally accepted notion that the sex of an individual is definitively indicated by the grammatical gender of their name. In the case of di-thematic names, the grammatical gender in question is that of the second element of the name. Thus di-thematic names have been taken as belonging to women if their second element is grammatically feminine. However, as there are no surviving Anglo-Saxon texts which explain the principles of vernacular nomenclature, or any contemporary list of Old English personal names, it is by no means sure that this assumption is correct. While modern scholars have generally felt no difficulty in distinguishing male from female names, this book asks how far the Anglo-Saxons themselves recognised this distinction, and in so doing critically examines and tests the general principle that grammatical gender is a certain indicator of biological sex. Anyone with an interest in Old English manuscripts or early medieval history will find this book both thought provoking and a useful reference tool for better understanding the Anglo-Saxon world.
Foreword ix
List of Abbreviations
xi
Preface xiii
1 Introduction
1(6)
1.1 General Introduction
1(1)
1.2 Particular Questions to be Discussed
2(2)
1.3 Previous Work in the Field
4(3)
2 The Material
7(48)
2.1 Sources
7(5)
2.1.1 Reliability of the Source Material
8(2)
2.1.1 Discussion of the Source Material
10(2)
2.2 Editions Used
12(4)
2.3 The Female Names
16(39)
3 Analysis and Classification of the Material
55(14)
3.1 Di-thematic Names
55(11)
3.1.1 Second Elements of Di-thematic Names
55(9)
3.1.1 First Elements of Di-thematic Names
64(2)
3.2 Mono-thematic Names
66(3)
3.2.2 Mono-thematic Names Corresponding to Old English Nouns and Adjectives
67(1)
3.2.2 Other Mono-thematic Names
68(1)
4 Discussion of Di-thematic Names
69(12)
4.1 General
69(1)
4.2 Second Name-elements
70(6)
4.2.2 Male and Female Names
73(3)
4.3 First Name-elements
76(3)
4.4 Conclusions
79(2)
5 Analysis and Discussion of Mono-thematic Names
81(12)
5.1 General
81(1)
5.2 Identification of the Head-word
81(2)
5.3 Origin of Names
83(6)
5.3.3 Names whose Origins are or may be Old English Words
84(1)
5.3.3 Names that are Shortened Forms of Di-thematic Names
85(1)
5.3.3 Hypocoristic Names
86(1)
5.3.3 Nicknames
87(1)
5.3.3 Uncertainty of Actual Origin
88(1)
5.4 Similar Male and Female Names
89(1)
5.5 Conclusions
90(3)
6 Some Implications
93(12)
6.1 Assumptions about Sex made from Personal Names
93(6)
6.1.1 Finger-rings
93(3)
6.1.1 Name-stones from Hartlepool
96(1)
6.1.1 Other Inscriptions
97(1)
6.1.1 Some Names in the Durham Liber Vitae
98(1)
6.2 Coins and Moneyers
99(2)
6.3 Words Used to Describe Women
101(1)
6.4 Implications for the Presentation of the Material under Discussion
102(3)
7 Vernacular Names in Old English Poetry
105(4)
8 General Discussion
109(12)
8.1 The Naming of a Child
109(7)
8.2 Gender Specificity
116
8.3 Naming Practices at Different Periods and in Different Areas
111(3)
8.4 The Importance of Meaning in Old English Name-elements
114(3)
8.5 The Choice of a Personal Name
117(4)
9 Conclusion
121(2)
Appendix: A Brief Comparison with Some Modern Names 123(2)
Bibliography 125(8)
Concordances 133
Dr Elisabeth Okasha, Acting Director, Language Centre, University College Cork, Ireland