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El. knyga: World of Medieval Monasticism: Its History and Forms of Life

4.05/5 (35 ratings by Goodreads)
, Translated by , Foreword by
  • Formatas: 464 pages
  • Serija: Cistercian Studies Series
  • Išleidimo metai: 04-Mar-2016
  • Leidėjas: Liturgical Press
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780879074999
  • Formatas: 464 pages
  • Serija: Cistercian Studies Series
  • Išleidimo metai: 04-Mar-2016
  • Leidėjas: Liturgical Press
  • Kalba: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780879074999

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This book surveys the full panorama of ten centuries of Christian monastic life. It moves from the deserts of Egypt and the Frankish monasteries of early medieval Europe to the religious ruptures of the eleventh and twelfth centuries and the reforms of the later Middle Ages. Throughout that story the book balances a rich sense of detail with a broader synthetic view. It presents the history of religious life and its orders as a complex braid woven from multiple strands: individual and community, spirit and institution, rule and custom, church and world. The result is a synthesis that places religious life at the center of European history and presents its institutions as key catalysts of Europe’s move toward modernity.

Recenzijos

"The fruit of long study of medieval monks, ascetics, mystics, and the rules that they lived by, The World of Medieval Monasticism is a lively and erudite companion for any reader interested in exploring the many astonishing forms of Western religious life." Barbara H. Rosenwein, Loyola University Chicago "This is the best of guides to the world of medieval monasticism: a fresh, novel, exciting, detailed, reliable account of how monastic life developed over twelve centuries and of the many paths to perfection and salvation it created for both women and men. Medieval monasticism had its failures, but it also never ceased to surprise by its capacity to adjust to complex, changing circumstances, to establish itself as a fundamental element of medieval economy and society, and to cater for the whole spectrum of religious life from eremitical withdrawal to firebrand preaching. Here is an exceptionally rich mine of materials drawn from all kinds of historical sources and thoughtfully presented in the light of an exceptional understanding of structures and ideals by a wonderful scholar." David Luscombe, Fellow of the British Academy, Emeritus Professor, The University of Sheffield "With this splendid translation, English readers have access to a lifetime of scholarly thought and reflection on medieval monastic and mendicant life offered as a coherent narrative. Gert Melville has long been one of the leading interpreters of monastic life in Germany and, at present, perhaps the foremost sponsor of probing new scholarship. This book shows him at his best as a sympathetic student of medieval religious life set, as a good historian would, in its social and material contexts." John VanEngen, University of Notre Dame "The World of Medieval Monasticism is the crowning achievement of the decades Professor Melville has devoted to the relentless study of medieval religious life in the West. Marked by a wealth of sources and shaped by the influential Research Center for the Comparative History of Religious Life at the University of Dresden, The World of Medieval Monasticism is an essential source in its own right for all those interested in the cultural history and spiritual inheritance of medieval religious life." Timothy J. Johnson, Flagler College "The doyen of monastic history has poured learning hitherto scattered among innumerable papers into the form of an elegant synthesis-a path-breaking sociological analysis of one of the most interesting medieval forms of life. Decades of scholarships and accumulated insights have been distilled into this volume." David d'Avray, University College London, Fellow of the British Academy "An indispensable reference work, which should certainly find a place in every university and monastic library, as well as in the personal collection of anyone with even a passing interest in the topic."Jean A. Truax, Cistercian Studies Quarterly "It is with unrestrained and enthusiastic delight that one can welcome the translation into English of Gert Melville's superb study. We owe a great debt of gratitude to Cistercian Publications and all those who helped to make available in splendid English this magnificent contribution to monastic studies. I cannot recommend it too highly, whether to the most advanced scholar or to anyone looking for an introduction to the field."American Benedictine Review, James Flint, OSB, St. Procopius Abbey, Lisle, IL "Melville's book is a wonderful addition to medieval monastic history."B.S. Exton, St. Gregory's University, CHOICE

Foreword xi
Giles Constable
Preface xiii
List of Abbreviations
xv
Translator's Note xvii
1 The Beginnings
1(23)
Retreat from the World
1(6)
The Establishment of Monastic Communities
7(6)
The First Monasteries in Europe
13(11)
2 The Benedictine Rule and Its Longevity
24(26)
Benedict as "Textual Trace"
24(5)
The Rule of Saint Benedict
29(5)
The Career of Benedict and His Rule
34(4)
The Second Benedict and the Reform of the Frankish Monasteries
38(12)
3 The Flowering of the Benedictines
50(39)
A New Beginning in Lotharingia
50(4)
Cluny: The Establishment of Monastic Liberty
54(9)
The "Cluniac Church": A Congregation of Monasteries
63(4)
Ordo Cluniacensis
67(5)
Church for the World
72(8)
Monastic Life in Service of King and Nobility, Pope and Bishop
80(9)
4 Return to the Desert
89(36)
The New Hermits
89(5)
To Live by One's Own Law
94(15)
Charismatic Preaching and Religious Movements
109(11)
A Return to the Institutions of the Church
120(5)
5 The Regular Canons: The Clergy's New Self-Understanding
125(11)
6 The Cistercians: Collegiality Instead of Hierarchy
136(22)
Robert's Path from Molesme to Citeaux and Back
136(5)
The Measure of the Pure Rule
141(5)
The Charter of Charity and the Invention of the "Order"
146(12)
7 The Success of the Cistercian Model
158(22)
From the Premonstratensians to the Gilbertines and the Carthusians
158(8)
Cluny, Knights, and Hospitals: The Reform of Older Congregations and the Creation of New "Functional" Orders
166(14)
8 Diversity and Competition
180(6)
9 New Concepts of Belief
186(20)
The Search for Religious Identity
186(7)
Beguines and Humiliati: A New Lay Piety
193(7)
"Holy Preachers" and "Lesser Brothers"
200(6)
10 The Franciscans: A Mendicant Order with the Whole World as Its Monastery
206(26)
Francis of Assisi and His Community
206(10)
The Legacy of Francis
216(9)
Clare of Assisi
225(7)
11 The Dominicans: Holy Preaching and Pastoral Care
232(17)
Dominic and the Building of a New Order
232(7)
Rationality and Constitution in the Service of the Salvation of Souls
239(10)
12 Transformations of Eremitical Life
249(14)
The Carmelites: From the Mountain into the Cities
250(6)
The Augustinian Hermits
256(7)
13 A New
Chapter in the Story of the Vita Religiosa
263(23)
The Three Ages of Salvation History
263(4)
Eremitical Congregations and the Work of Peter of Morrone
267(9)
Devotio Moderna
276(4)
The Revelations of Birgitta
280(6)
14 Mendicant Orders in Conflict: Struggles over Poverty and Observance
286(12)
15 Reformers and Reforms at the End of the Middle Ages
298(15)
Reform from Above: Pope Benedict XII
298(8)
Reform from Below: The Rise of the Observants
306(7)
16 A Look Back
313(3)
17 Fundamental Structures of the Vita Religiosa in the Middle Ages
316(57)
The Individual and the Community
318(14)
The Monastery and the Law
332(10)
Institutional Forms: Establishment and Preservation
342(7)
Constructing Particular Pasts
349(4)
Cloister and World
353(6)
Temporalia
359(5)
On the Search for God toward Knowledge of the World
364(20)
Chronology 373(11)
Map
382
Bibliography 384(48)
Image Credits 432(1)
Index of People and Places 433(7)
Index of Monasteries, Congregations, and Orders 440
James D. Mixson is an associate professor of history at the University of Alabama. His recent publications include Povertys Proprietors: Ownership and Mortal Sin at the Origins of the Observant Movement (Brill, 2009) and several essays on the history of late-medieval religious reform. He is also the editor (with Bert Roest) of A Companion to Observant Reform in the Late Middle Ages and Beyond (Brill, 2015).