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Echocardiographic Anatomy in the Fetus 2008 ed. [Kietas viršelis]

  • Formatas: Hardback, 224 pages, aukštis x plotis: 312x242 mm, weight: 760 g, 354 Illustrations, color; 166 Illustrations, black and white; XVII, 224 p. 520 illus., 354 illus. in color., 1 Hardback
  • Išleidimo metai: 08-Sep-2008
  • Leidėjas: Springer Verlag
  • ISBN-10: 8847005728
  • ISBN-13: 9788847005723
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
  • Formatas: Hardback, 224 pages, aukštis x plotis: 312x242 mm, weight: 760 g, 354 Illustrations, color; 166 Illustrations, black and white; XVII, 224 p. 520 illus., 354 illus. in color., 1 Hardback
  • Išleidimo metai: 08-Sep-2008
  • Leidėjas: Springer Verlag
  • ISBN-10: 8847005728
  • ISBN-13: 9788847005723
Kitos knygos pagal šią temą:
Echocardiographic diagnosis is based on moving images. Recent advances in ultrasound systems have brought innovative applications into the clinical field and can be integrated into powerful multimedia presentations for teaching. The CD-ROM accompanying the book presents morphological pictures from tomographic sections of the whole fetal body, combined with high quality dynamic echocardiographic images of normal fetuses and of some of the most common congenital heart defects.

Whether in fetal or postnatal life, echocardiographic diagnosis is based on moving images. With recent advances in ultrasound systems, storing multiple digital frames and clips with superb image quality has become a reality. These advances have brought innovative applications into the clinical field and can be integrated into powerful multimedia presentations for teaching purposes.Sections of cardiac specimens are usually compared with corresponding sections in echocardiography textbooks. These sections are mainly obtained from isolated hearts, due to ease and speed of acquisition. Nevertheless, sections of the whole body are a better tool with which to understand the relationship between cardiac and extracardiac structures. This understanding is particularly important in fetal echocardiography, where the number of visible structures around the heart is much greater and the approaches to the fetal thorax are more variable. The DVD accompanying the book presents morphological images from tomographic sections of the whole fetal body, as well as high-quality dynamic echocardiographic images of normal fetuses and of some of the most common congenital heart defects. The extraordinary amount of information provided in this work makes this publication a highly useful resource for obstetricians, sonographers, and pediatric cardiologists.
PART I Basic Principles of Diagnosis
General Guidelines
3(12)
Introduction
3(1)
Equipment
4(2)
Major Planes of the Body and Heart
6(1)
Basic Probe Manipulations
7(2)
Axial and Lateral Resolution
9(1)
Method for Comprehensive Cardiac Evaluation
10(2)
References
12(3)
Determining the Laterality of the Fetal Body and Image Orientation
15(6)
Introduction
15(1)
Methods
16(1)
Procedure
17(2)
Image Orientation
19(1)
Reference
20(1)
The Visceroatrial Arrangement (Situs)
21(8)
Introduction
21(1)
Usual Arrangement (Situs Solitus)
21(2)
Mirror-Image Arrangement (Situs Inversus)
23(1)
Left Isomerism (Polysplenia)
24(2)
Right Isomerism (Asplenia)
26(2)
References
28(1)
The Cardiac Position and Axis Orientation
29(10)
Introduction
29(1)
Heart in the Left Side of the Chest (Levocardia)
30(1)
Heart in the Middle of the Chest (Mesocardia)
31(1)
Heart in the Right Side of the Chest (Dextrocardia)
31(4)
Isomerism of the Atrial Appendages and Cardiac Position
35(2)
Referencs
37(2)
Principles of Segmental Analysis
39(12)
Introduction
39(1)
The Atria
39(1)
The Ventricles
40(2)
The Arterial Trunks
42(1)
The Atrioventricular Connection
42(2)
The Ventriculoarterial Connection
44(4)
References
48(3)
PART II Echocardiographic Projection
Transverse Views of the Fetal Body
The Transverse Views of the Upper Abdomen
51(8)
Introduction
51(1)
The Umbilical Cord Insertion
51(1)
The Lower Liver
52(1)
The Mid Liver
52(1)
The Portal Sinus
52(3)
The Infracardiac Vena Cava
55(1)
The Suprahepatic Viens
55(2)
References
57(2)
The Four-Chamber View
59(18)
The Section Plane
59(1)
The Normal Morphology
59(1)
The Normal Echocardiogram-2D
60(3)
Dimensions of the Heart
63(1)
Measurement
63(2)
Ventricular Function
65(1)
The Normal Echocardiogram-Color Flow Mapping and Pulsed Doppler
65(1)
The Atrioventricular Valves
65(4)
The Pulmonary Veins
69(2)
Cardiac Rhythm
71(1)
Ventricular Output
71(1)
Four-Chamber-View Checklist
72(2)
Referencs
74(3)
The Five-Chamber View
77(10)
The Section Plane
77(1)
The Normal Morphology
77(1)
The Normal Echocardiogram-2D
77(2)
The Normal Echocardiogram-Color Flow Mapping and Pulsed Doppler
79(7)
References
86(1)
The Three-Vessel View
87(14)
Introduction
87(1)
The Normal Morphology
87(1)
The Normal Echocardiogram-2D
88(1)
The Normal Echocardiogram-Color Flow Mapping and Pulsed Doppler
88(1)
Three-Vessel-View Abnormalities
89(7)
Ascending Aorta and Pulmonary Artery Disproportion
96(1)
Aortic Arch Sidedness
96(1)
Relationship of the Great Arteries and Cardiac Connections
96(3)
References
99(2)
The Arterial Duct Transverse View
101(12)
The Section Plane
101(1)
The Normal Morphology
101(1)
The Normal Echocardiogram-2D
102(1)
The Normal Echocardiogram-Color Flow Mapping and Pulsed Doppler
102(1)
The Arterial Duct-Reversed Flow
103(2)
The Arterial Duct-Short Length
105(1)
The Arterial Duct-Abonormal Shape
105(3)
The Arterial Duct-Premature Constriction or Closure
108(2)
The Arterial Duct-Abnormal Position
110(1)
References
111(2)
The Aortic Arch Transverse View
113(10)
The Section Plane
113(1)
The Normal Morphology
113(1)
The Normal Echocardiogram-2D
113(1)
The Thymus
114(1)
The Normal Echocardiogram-Color Flow Mapping and Pulsed Doppler
115(1)
Aortic Arch Abnormal Size
116(1)
Aortic Arch Interruption
117(1)
Aortic Arch Sidedness
117(4)
References
121(2)
The Arterial Duct and Aortic Arch Transverse View
123(12)
The Section Plane
123(1)
The Normal Morphology
123(1)
The Normal Echocardiogram-2D
123(1)
The Normal Echocardiogram-Color Flow Mapping
124(2)
The Aortic Arch Abnormalities
126(1)
Severe Aortic Outflow Obstruction
126(1)
Severe Pulmonary Outflow Obstruction
126(2)
Pseudoatresia of the Pulmonary Valve
128(1)
Vascular Ring
128(1)
Azygos Vein Dilation
128(1)
The Transverse View of the Fetal Body: an Overview
129(2)
Referencs
131(4)
Longitudinal Views of the Fetal Body
The Inferior and Superior Vena Cava Long-Axis View (The Bicaval View)
135(8)
The Section Plane
135(1)
The Normal Morphology
135(2)
The Normal Echocardiogram-2D
137(1)
The Normal Echocardiogram-Color Flow Mapping and Pulsed Doppler
137(2)
The Azygos Vein
139(1)
Vena Cava Disproportion
139(1)
Azygos Vein Dilatation
139(3)
References
142(1)
The Aortic Arch Long-Axis View
143(12)
The Section Plane
143(1)
The Normal Morphology
143(2)
The Normal Echocardiogram-2D
145(1)
The Normal Echocardiogram-Color Flow Mapping and Pulsed Doppler
146(2)
The Aortic Arch Abnormalities
148(1)
Severe Aortic Outflow Obstructions
148(1)
Severe Pulmonary Outflow Obstructions
149(2)
Variability of the Plane of the Aortic Arch Long-Axis View
151(1)
The Aortic Arch in Mitral Valve Atresia with Ventricular Septal Defect
151(2)
References
153(2)
The Arterial Duct Long-Axis View
155(10)
The Section Plane
155(1)
The Normal Morphology
155(1)
The Normal Echocardiogram-2D
156(1)
The Normal Echocardiogram-Color Flow Mapping and Pulsed Doppler
157(2)
Duct-Dependent Systemic Circulation
159(1)
Duct-Dependent Pulmonary Circulation
159(3)
The Arterial Duct-Premature Constriction or Closure
162(2)
References
164(1)
Special Considerations on the Arterial Duct and Aortic Arch Views
165(4)
Technique
165(4)
The Right Ventride Outflow View
169(8)
The Section Plane
169(1)
The Normal Morphology
169(2)
The Normal Echocardiogram-2D
171(1)
The Normal Echocardiogram-Color Flow Mapping and Pulsed Doppler
171(6)
The Left Ventricle Short-Axis View
177(10)
The Section Plane
177(1)
The Normal Morphology
177(1)
The Level of the Mitral and Tricuspid Valves
177(1)
The Level of the Papillary Muscles
178(9)
Oblique Views of the Fetal Body
The Left Ventricle Long-Axis View
187(12)
The Section Plane
187(1)
The Normal Morphology
187(2)
The Normal Echocardiogram-2D
189(1)
The Normal Echocardiogram-Color Flow Mapping and Pulsed Doppler
189(10)
PART III Echocardiographic and Morphologic Overview
Three-Dimensional Ultrasound Assessment of the FetalHeart
199(12)
Rabih Chaoui
Introduction
199(1)
Technical Principles of 3D/4D Fetal Echocardiography
199(1)
Volume Acquisition
199(1)
Static 3D
200(1)
Real-Time 3D (Direct Volume Scan Real Time: Online 4D)
200(1)
STIC (Indirect Volume Scan, Motion Gated: Off-Line 4D)
200(1)
Volume Display
200(1)
Planes: One Plane, Multiplanar Orthogonal, and Multiplanar Tomography
200(1)
Rendering
201(7)
Surface Mode
201(2)
Glass-Body Mode with Color Doppler
203(5)
Minimum Transparent and Inversion Mode
208(1)
Conclusion
208(2)
References
210(1)
The Role of the Pathologist in the Diagnosis of Fetal Heart Disease
211(12)
Introduction
211(1)
The Morphologic Study
211(1)
Instrumentation
211(1)
Exposure of the Heart and Great Vessels
212(1)
Heart Examination In Situ
212(1)
Removal of the Heart and Lung Block
213(1)
Methods of Heart Dissection
213(3)
Dissection Following Blood Flow
213(1)
Tomographic Method
213(3)
Windowing the Heart
216(1)
New Technique for the Autopsy
216(1)
Description of Cardiovascular Defects
217(1)
Iconographic Documentation
217(1)
Choice of Equipment
218(1)
Lighting
218(1)
Background
218(1)
Image Quality
218(1)
Exposure Time and Depth of Field
219(1)
Conclusion
220(1)
References
221(2)
edits for Figures 223