El. knyga: Employment Impact of Innovation: Evidence and Policy

List of tables ix List of figures xi Acknowledgements xii List of contributors xiv Introduction: economic structure, technology and employment 1(11) Mario Pianta Marco Vivarelli The current debate 1(4) The relevant literature 5(2) The content of the book 7(5) References 9(3) The analysis of technological change and employment 12(14) Vincenzo Spiezia Marco Vivarelli Introduction 12(1) Technology and employment: the conventional optimistic wisdom 13(3) Critique of compensation theory and long-term empirical evidence 16(4) ICTs and employment 20(2) Conclusions 22(4) References 23(3) Modelling the employment impact of innovation: do compensation mechanisms work? 26(18) Roberto Simonetti Karl Taylor Marco Vivarelli Introduction 26(1) Technological change and employment dynamics: the main relationships 27(3) The model 30(4) The empirical analysis 34(8) Conclusions 42(2) References 43(1) Growth and employment: productivity gains versus demand constraints 44(33) Paolo Piacentini Paolo Pini Introduction 44(2) The employment intensity of growth: in which direction has it changed? 46(10) Productivity growth and demand growth: empirical evidence for a cumulative causation model 56(7) The `employment multiplier: some evidence for the 1990s 63(9) Final remarks 72(5) Notes 73(1) References 74(3) The employment impact of product and process innovations 77(19) Mario Pianta Introduction 77(1) Product and process innovations 77(5) The empirical analysis 82(4) The performance of product - and process-oriented industries 86(2) Conclusions 88(2) Appendix 90(6) References 94(2) Organisational innovations, computerisation and employment: evidence from American manufacturing 96(25) Philippe Askenazy Introduction 96(1) Reorganisation and workplace health 97(4) Employment and worked hours 101(9) Production and non-production employment 110(4) Conclusions 114(1) Data appendix 115(6) Notes 116(2) References 118(3) Innovation and employment in services: results from the Italian innovation survey 121(28) Rinaldo Evangelista Introduction 121(5) An overview of innovation activities in services 126(6) Sectoral patterns of innovation in services 132(5) The impact of innovation activities on employment 137(7) Conclusions 144(5) Notes 145(2) References 147(2) New technology, growth and job creation: the role of learning strategies 149(16) Kurt Lundgren Introduction 149(1) Uncertainty of technology and the labour market 149(2) What skills are asked for in the information society? 151(2) What strategies can be used for the implementation of `the learning society? 153(6) Learning and jobless growth 159(3) Implementation of `the learning society 162(3) References 163(2) Innovation and employment in developing countries 165(17) Dilek Cetindamar Karaomerlioglu Hacer K. Ansal Introduction 165(1) Compensation theory and developing countries 166(4) Determinants behind the impact of technology on employment 170(6) Policy discussion 176(6) Note 180(1) References 180(2) Compensation mechanisms and targeted economic growth: lessons from the history of economic policy 182(25) Erik S. Reinert Introduction 182(2) The invention of innovation and the targeting of economic growth 184(5) The activity-specific nature of economic growth and of the possibility for creating compensation mechanisms 189(7) Technological unemployment in early economic thought 196(2) Unemployment and the death of Fordism in a historical perspective 198(4) The future: innovations or a backward-bending supply curve of labour? 202(5) Notes 203(1) References 204(3) Conclusions: are employment friendly policies possible? 207(10) Mario Pianta Marco Vivarelli The summary of results 207(2) The limits of current policies 209(2) New policy directions 211(4) Final remarks 215(2) References 216(1) Index 217

Mario Pianta, Marco Vivarelli