The book reveals the changing dynamics of the helium industry on both the supply-side and the demand-side. The helium industry has a long-term future and this important gas will have a role to play for many decades to come. Major new users of helium are expected to enter the market, especially in nuclear energy (both fission and fusion). Prices and volumes supplied and expected to rise and this will prompt greater efforts towards the development of new helium sources and helium conservation and recycling.
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List of figures and tables |
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xi | |
| Notes on contributors |
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xviii | |
| Acronyms and abbreviations |
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xxiv | |
| Preface |
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xxxiii | |
| Editors' acknowledgements |
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xxxvii | |
| Units conversion table |
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xxxix | |
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1 | (14) |
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2 A history of the helium industry |
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15 | (33) |
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3 The US federal helium reserve |
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48 | (7) |
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4 Helium in Algeria: pioneering helium extraction from LNG |
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55 | (14) |
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5 LNG: the global liquefied natural gas industry |
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69 | (19) |
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88 | (13) |
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7 India: harnessing helium from the Earth's interior |
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101 | (18) |
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8 Helium from the air: the backstop |
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119 | (15) |
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9 Helium demand: applications, prices and substitution |
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134 | (23) |
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10 The dynamics of the helium market |
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157 | (17) |
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11 Closed-cycle refrigeration: minimizing helium demand in cryogenic applications |
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174 | (16) |
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12 Medical imaging: why helium prevails |
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190 | (13) |
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13 Rising to the challenges of constrained helium supply in cryogenic systems for the research market |
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203 | (25) |
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14 Helium and nuclear fission energy |
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228 | (7) |
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15 Helium and fusion energy |
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235 | (30) |
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16 Substituting hydrogen for helium in cryogenic applications |
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265 | (31) |
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17 Is there a helium problem? Ways forward |
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296 | (11) |
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18 The future of helium: policy, molecules and machines |
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307 | (6) |
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| Author index |
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313 | (3) |
| Subject index |
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316 | |
William J. Nuttall is University Senior Lecturer in Technology Policy at the Judge Business School, at the University of Cambridge, UK.
Richard Clarke is a Cryogenic Process and Helium Specialist at Culham Centre for Fusion Energy, a UK-based research organisation developing fusion as a sustainable, long term energy source.
Bartek A. Glowacki is Reader in the Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, UK.
Daugiau apie elektronines knygas