|
1 Discovery and Understanding |
|
|
1 | (42) |
|
1.1 Emperor Qianlong's Collection |
|
|
1 | (7) |
|
1.2 Archaeological Findings |
|
|
8 | (7) |
|
1.3 Hierarchy and Social Status Reflected by Tombs |
|
|
15 | (4) |
|
1.4 The Discovery of a Vanished Kingdom |
|
|
19 | (24) |
|
1.4.1 The Naming of Liangzhu Culture and the Establishment of Its System |
|
|
21 | (3) |
|
1.4.2 The Study of Social Awareness and Cultural Origin |
|
|
24 | (5) |
|
1.4.3 Liangzhu City and a Kingdom 5000 years Ago |
|
|
29 | (14) |
|
|
43 | (56) |
|
2.1 Discovery and Interpretation of the Divine Emblem |
|
|
44 | (6) |
|
2.2 Deities and Birds of the Liangzhu Culture |
|
|
50 | (11) |
|
2.2.1 Bird Designs Engraved on Two Sides of the Divine Emblem |
|
|
52 | (3) |
|
2.2.2 Jade Bird Sculpture in the Round |
|
|
55 | (3) |
|
2.2.3 Altars and Bird Rods |
|
|
58 | (3) |
|
2.3 Dragon Motifs of the Liangzhu Culture |
|
|
61 | (20) |
|
2.3.1 Round Decorative Jade Tablets with Dragon Head Motifs |
|
|
63 | (4) |
|
2.3.2 Small Jade Rings with Dragon Head Motifs |
|
|
67 | (1) |
|
2.3.3 Jade Huang with Dragon Head Motifs |
|
|
68 | (1) |
|
2.3.4 Jade Bracelet with Dragon Head Motifs |
|
|
68 | (3) |
|
2.3.5 Dragon Head-Shaped Jade Sculpture Partly in the Round |
|
|
71 | (1) |
|
2.3.6 Dragon Head-Shaped Jade Sculptures in the Round |
|
|
72 | (1) |
|
2.3.7 Jade Tubes with Dragon Head Motifs |
|
|
72 | (6) |
|
2.3.8 Cylindrical Jade Vessel with Dragon Head Motifs |
|
|
78 | (1) |
|
2.3.9 Awl-Shaped Jade Artifacts with Dragon Head Motifs |
|
|
79 | (1) |
|
2.3.10 Three-Pronged Jade Artifact with Dragon Head Motifs |
|
|
80 | (1) |
|
2.4 Cultural Inheritance and Evolution |
|
|
81 | (18) |
|
2.4.1 Cultural Beliefs Beyond Time and Space: Changeless Deity Eyes, Bow-Shaped Crowns, and Birds Over Thousands of years |
|
|
82 | (1) |
|
2.4.2 Multiple Ways of Evolution of Cultural Characteristics |
|
|
83 | (4) |
|
2.4.3 Praying Shamans and Mysterious Ritual Instruments Across Thousands of Miles and years |
|
|
87 | (6) |
|
2.4.4 Jade Dragons, Hooked Cloud-Shaped Objects, and the Deity of the Hongshan Culture |
|
|
93 | (6) |
|
|
99 | (52) |
|
3.1 Introduction: Wizards' Divine Crowns and Combs |
|
|
99 | (7) |
|
3.1.1 Distribution of Crown-Shaped Ornaments |
|
|
99 | (4) |
|
3.1.2 Types of Crown-Shaped Ornaments and Their Evolution |
|
|
103 | (3) |
|
3.2 Jade Cong as Ritual Instruments for Summoning Deities |
|
|
106 | (24) |
|
3.2.1 Research on Types and Styles |
|
|
106 | (12) |
|
3.2.2 Origins and Uses of Cong |
|
|
118 | (6) |
|
3.2.3 Distribution and Evolution of Cong |
|
|
124 | (6) |
|
3.3 Weapons, Scepters, and the King |
|
|
130 | (6) |
|
3.4 Types and Functions of Jade Artifacts |
|
|
136 | (15) |
|
3.4.1 Functional Instruments |
|
|
137 | (6) |
|
3.4.2 Wearable Artifacts Showing Functions and Social Status |
|
|
143 | (5) |
|
3.4.3 Ordinary Ornamental and Ritual Instruments |
|
|
148 | (3) |
Conclusions |
|
151 | |