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El. knyga: Medical Modelling: The Application of Advanced Design and Rapid Prototyping Techniques in Medicine

(Professor of Medical Applications of Design School of Design and Creative Arts, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK), (Professor of Healthcare Applications of Design at PDR, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Wales, UK), (Program)
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Medical modelling and the principles of medical imaging, Computer Aided Design (CAD) and Rapid Prototyping (also known as Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing) are important techniques relating to various disciplines - from biomaterials engineering to surgery. Building on the success of the first edition, Medical Modelling:The application of Advanced Design and Rapid Prototyping techniques in medicineprovides readers with a revised edition of the original text, along with key information on innovative imaging techniques, Rapid Prototyping technologies and case studies. Following an overview of medical imaging for Rapid Prototyping, the book goes on to discuss working with medical scan data and techniques for Rapid Prototyping. In this second edition there is an extensive section of peer-reviewed case studies, describing the practical applications of advanced design technologies in surgical, prosthetic, orthotic, dental and research applications.

  • Covers the steps towards rapid prototyping, from conception (modelling) to manufacture (manufacture)
  • Includes a comprehensive case studies section on the practical application of computer-aided design (CAD) and rapid prototyping (RP)
  • Provides an insight into medical imaging for rapid prototyping and working with medical scan data

Daugiau informacijos

This second edition expands and revises the original work, including adding key information on innovative imaging techniques, rapid prototyping technologies and case studies.
Woodhead Publishing Series in Biomaterials ix
Preface xiii
Acknowledgements xv
1 Introduction
1(6)
1.1 Background
1(1)
1.2 The human form
2(1)
1.3 Basic anatomical terminology
3(2)
1.4 Technical terminology
5(2)
2 Medical imaging
7(28)
2.1 Introduction to medical imaging
7(1)
2.2 Computed tomography (CT)
8(9)
2.3 Cone beam CT (CBCT)
17(3)
2.4 Magnetic resonance (MR)
20(4)
2.5 Noncontact surface scanning
24(6)
2.6 Medical scan data
30(2)
2.7 Point cloud data
32(1)
2.8 Media
32(3)
References
33(1)
Recommended reading
33(2)
3 Working with medical scan data
35(30)
3.1 Pixel data operations
35(4)
3.2 Using CT data: a worked example
39(5)
3.3 Point cloud data operations
44(4)
3.4 Two-dimensional formats
48(1)
3.5 Pseudo 3D formats
48(3)
3.6 True 3D formats
51(7)
3.7 File management and exchange
58(7)
4 Physical reproduction
65(34)
4.1 Background to rapid prototyping
65(10)
4.2 Stereolithography
75(4)
4.3 Digital light processing
79(2)
4.4 Fused deposition modelling
81(3)
4.5 Laser sintering
84(2)
4.6 Powder bed 3D printing
86(2)
4.7 Material jetting technology
88(5)
4.8 Laminated object manufacture
93(1)
4.9 Computer numerical controlled machining
93(2)
4.10 Cleaning and sterilising medical models
95(4)
5 Case studies
99(374)
Implementation
101(1)
5.1 Implementation case study 1: computed tomography guidelines for medical modelling using rapid prototyping techniques
101(9)
5.2 Implementation case study 2: the development of a collaborative medical modelling service - organisational and technical considerations
110(10)
5.3 Implementation case study 3: medical rapid prototyping technologies - state of the art and current limitations for application in oral and maxillofacial surgery
120(17)
Surgical applications
137(1)
5.4 Surgical applications case study 1: planning osseointegrated implants using computer-aided design and rapid prototyping
137(8)
5.5 Surgical applications case study 2: rapid manufacture of custom-fit surgical guides
145(10)
5.6 Surgical applications case study 3: use of a reconstructed three-dimensional solid model from computed tomography to aid in the surgical management of a total knee arthroplasty
155(5)
5.7 Surgical applications case study 4: custom-made titanium orbital floor prosthesis in reconstruction for orbital floor fractures
160(7)
5.8 Surgical applications case study 5: use of three-dimensional technology in the multidisciplinary management of facial disproportion
167(6)
5.9 Surgical applications case study 6: appropriate approach to computer-aided design and manufacture of reconstructive implants
173(21)
5.10 Surgical applications case study 7: computer-aided planning and additive manufacture for complex, mid-face osteotomies
194(7)
Maxillofacial rehabilitation
201(1)
5.11 Maxillofacial rehabilitation case study 1: an investigation of the three-dimensional scanning of human body surfaces and its use in the design and manufacture of prostheses
201(7)
5.12 Maxillofacial rehabilitation case study 2: producing bums therapy conformers using noncontact scanning and rapid prototyping
208(8)
5.13 Maxillofacial rehabilitation case study 3: an appropriate approach to computer-aided design and manufacture of cranioplasty plates
216(12)
5.14 Maxillofacial rehabilitation case study 4: evaluation of advanced technologies in the design and manufacture of an implant retained facial prosthesis
228(13)
5.15 Maxillofacial rehabilitation case study 5: rapid prototyping technologies in soft-tissue facial prosthetics - current state of the art
241(15)
5.16 Maxillofacial rehabilitation case study 6: evaluation of direct and indirect additive manufacture of maxillofacial prostheses using 3D printing technologies
256(17)
5.17 Maxillofacial rehabilitation case study 7: computer-aided methods in bespoke breast prosthesis design and fabrication
273(10)
Orthotic rehabilitation applications
283(1)
5.18 Orthotic rehabilitation applications case study 1: a review of existing anatomical data capture methods to support the mass customisation of wrist splints
283(11)
5.19 Orthotic rehabilitation applications case study 2: comparison of additive manufacturing systems for the design and fabrication of customised wrist splints
294(25)
5.20 Orthotic rehabilitation applications case study 3: evaluation of a digitised splinting approach with multiple-material functionality using additive manufacturing technologies
319(16)
5.21 Orthotic rehabilitation applications case study 4: digitisation of the splinting process - development of a CAD strategy for splint design and fabrication
335(9)
5.22 Orthotic rehabilitation applications case study 5: evaluation of a refined 3D CAD workflow for upper extremity splint design to support AM
344(9)
Dental applications
353(1)
5.23 Dental applications case study 1: the computer-aided design and rapid prototyping fabrication of removable partial denture frameworks
353(11)
5.24 Dental applications case study 2: trial fitting of an RDP framework made using CAD and RP techniques
364(7)
5.25 Dental applications case study 3: direct additive manufacture of RPD frameworks
371(9)
5.26 Dental applications case study 4: a comparison of plaster, digital and reconstructed study model accuracy
380(21)
5.27 Dental applications case study 5: design and fabrication of a sleep aponea device using CAD/AM technologies
401(9)
5.28 Dental applications case study 6: computer-aided design, CAM and AM applications in the manufacture of dental appliances
410(9)
Research applications
419(1)
5.29 Research applications case study 1: bone structure models using stereolithography
419(8)
5.30 Research applications case study 2: recreating skin texture relief using computer-aided design and rapid prototyping
427(12)
5.31 Research applications case study 3: comparison of additive manufacturing materials and human tissues in computed tomography scanning
439(11)
5.32 Research applications case study 4: producing physical models from computed tomography scans of ancient Egyptian mummies
450(8)
5.33 Research applications case study 5: trauma simulation of massive lower limb/pelvic injury
458(7)
5.34 Research applications case study 6: three-dimensional bone surrogates for assessing cement injection behaviour in cancellous bone
465(8)
6 Future developments
473(4)
6.1 Background
473(1)
6.2 Scanning techniques
473(1)
6.3 Data fusion
474(1)
6.4 Rapid prototyping
474(1)
6.5 Tissue engineering
475(2)
Glossary and explanatory notes 477(4)
Bibliography 481(6)
Index 487
Prof Richard Bibb is a Professor of Medical Applications of Design at Loughborough University, UK. He graduated from Brunel University, UK (1995) with a BSc (Hons) in Industrial Design. He then undertook doctoral research in Rapid Prototyping at the National Centre for Product Design and Development Research (PDR), Cardiff Metropolitan University, UK. This study involved the development of a computerised Rapid Prototyping selection system for designers in small companies.

After gaining his PhD in 1999 he established the Medical Applications Group at PDR to conduct collaborative applied research in medical applications of design technologies such as CAD and 3D Printing. He rose to the position of Director of Research for PDR before moving to Loughborough University in 2008. In 2014 he established the Digital Design & Fabrication research lab (DDF) which focuses on advanced computer-aided design (CAD), 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing technologies.

Professor Bibb's personal research focus is the application of advanced product design and development technologies in medicine, surgery, rehabilitation and assistive technology.

Prof Dominic Eggbeer is a Professor of Healthcare Applications of Design at PDR, Cardiff Metropolitan University. His research focuses on the design and development of personalized medical devices, applying his knowledge to surgical implants, facial prosthetics, dental devices and other areas of rehabilitative medicine.

In addition to his academic research, he manages a small, ISO 13485 compliant commercial team in the design of patient specific implants and other devices. Eggbeer also has a leading role in collaboration, dissemination and in supporting broad uptake of novel design engineering approaches in healthcare.

Dr Abby Paterson is the Programme Director, Design for Additive Manufacturing and Lecturer in Industrial Design and Technology at Loughborough University, UK. She specialises in 3D scanning, CAD, and digital, automated fabrication (CNC milling and Additive Manufacture).

Abby graduated with a BSc in Product Design and Technology and a PhD in 3D Scanning, CAD and Additive Manufacture for Medical Applications from Loughborough University. After completing her PhD, she was appointed as a lecturer at the University of Manchester in the School of Materials; she continued her research in digital design and fabrication for medical devices and then returned to the Loughborough Design School as a lecturer in 2014.

She is currently completing a 12-month industrial fellowship in 3D scanning, CAD and AM, funded by the Royal Academy of Engineering. Abby has also received funding from Arthritis Research UK to develop specialised 3D CAD software for the design of customized 3D-printed wrist splints. In 2015, Abby was awarded a Loughborough University Teaching Innovation Award. Abby also engages with consultancy work through the Loughborough University Enterprises Ltd.
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