| About the authors |
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xi | |
| Introduction |
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xix | |
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1 Effect of climate change on plant regeneration from seeds in the arctic and alpine biome |
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3 | (16) |
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3 | (1) |
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Climate warming in the arctic-alpine life zones |
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4 | (1) |
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Effects of climate warming on arctic---alpine plants |
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4 | (1) |
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Climate warming and plant regeneration from seeds in alpine-arctic environments |
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5 | (6) |
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Seed production and seed mass |
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6 | (1) |
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Seed dispersal in time and space |
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7 | (1) |
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Seed dormancy and germination |
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8 | (1) |
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Seedling emergence and establishment |
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9 | (2) |
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Conclusions and future research |
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11 | (1) |
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12 | (6) |
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18 | (1) |
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2 Effects of climate change on regeneration of plants from seeds in boreal, subarctic, and subalpine regions |
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19 | (14) |
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19 | (2) |
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Recruitment from seeds in the boreal zone |
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21 | (1) |
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Predicted climate change and its impact on the boreal zone |
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21 | (1) |
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Sampling and characterizing the knowledge base |
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22 | (1) |
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23 | (1) |
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Seed dormancy and germination |
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24 | (2) |
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Seedling survival and growth |
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26 | (1) |
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Long-term consequences of climate change on seedling recruitment |
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27 | (1) |
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27 | (1) |
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28 | (5) |
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3 Effects of climate change on plant regeneration from seeds in the cold deserts of Central Asia |
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33 | (14) |
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33 | (1) |
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Climate change in cold deserts of Central Asia |
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34 | (1) |
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Plant life history traits |
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34 | (8) |
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Seed dormancy/germination |
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34 | (2) |
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Seedling survival and growth |
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36 | (1) |
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Plant growth, development, biomass accumulation/allocation, and seed production |
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37 | (1) |
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37 | (3) |
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Plant morphological characters |
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40 | (1) |
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Dry mass accumulation and allocation |
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40 | (1) |
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41 | (1) |
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Importance of heterodiaspory |
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41 | (1) |
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Vegetation and community dynamics |
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42 | (1) |
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43 | (1) |
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43 | (1) |
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43 | (4) |
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4 Plant regeneration by seeds in hot deserts |
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47 | (14) |
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47 | (1) |
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Climate change in deserts |
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48 | (1) |
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Effects of increasing temperature |
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49 | (2) |
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Increasing temperature effects on seed survival |
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49 | (1) |
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Increasing temperature effects on dormancy and seed banks |
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50 | (1) |
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Increasing temperature effects on germination |
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51 | (1) |
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Effects of decreasing precipitation |
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51 | (3) |
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Decreasing precipitation effects on dormancy and seed banks |
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54 | (1) |
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Decreasing precipitation effects on germination |
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54 | (1) |
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Increasing variability and interactions between temperature and precipitation |
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54 | (1) |
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Effects of increasing variability and temperature-precipitation interactions on germination |
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55 | (1) |
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55 | (1) |
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56 | (1) |
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56 | (1) |
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56 | (5) |
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5 Effect of climate change on plant regeneration from seeds in steppes and semideserts of North America |
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61 | (14) |
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61 | (1) |
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Current and future climates |
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61 | (1) |
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Seed regeneration strategies and climate change |
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62 | (8) |
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63 | (2) |
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Regionally important shrub species |
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65 | (3) |
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68 | (1) |
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68 | (1) |
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69 | (1) |
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Conclusions and recommendations for future research |
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70 | (1) |
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70 | (5) |
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6 Effect of climate change on plant regeneration from seeds in steppes and semideserts of northern China |
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75 | (12) |
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75 | (1) |
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Projected climate changes and effects on natural ecosystems in northern China |
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75 | (1) |
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Effects of projected climate changes in northern China on regeneration of plants from seeds |
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76 | (7) |
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83 | (1) |
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83 | (4) |
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7 Effect of climate change on regeneration of plants from seeds in grasslands |
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87 | (14) |
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87 | (1) |
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Climate change in grasslands |
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87 | (1) |
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Grassland species composition and population dynamics |
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88 | (1) |
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Reproductive phenology and seed production |
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89 | (3) |
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92 | (1) |
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93 | (1) |
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Conclusions and future research |
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94 | (1) |
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95 | (6) |
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8 Climate change and plant regeneration from seeds in Mediterranean regions of the Northern Hemisphere |
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101 | (14) |
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Eduardo Fernandez-Pascual |
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101 | (2) |
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Plant regeneration from seeds under a changing climate |
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103 | (5) |
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103 | (1) |
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Mild winters, decreased cold stratification, and seed dormancy break |
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103 | (1) |
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Increased germination temperatures |
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104 | (1) |
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Altered precipitation regimes and germination |
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105 | (1) |
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Sea level rise and salinity stress |
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105 | (1) |
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105 | (1) |
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106 | (1) |
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Facilitation and drought stress |
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107 | (1) |
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Local adaptation and phenotypic plasticity in the face of climate change |
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108 | (1) |
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108 | (1) |
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109 | (1) |
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110 | (1) |
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110 | (5) |
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9 Plant regeneration from seeds in the southern Mediterranean regions under a changing climate |
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115 | (16) |
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Southern Hemisphere Mediterranean-type ecosystems |
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115 | (1) |
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Current and predicted environmental changes due to global warming |
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116 | (1) |
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Southwestern and southern Australia |
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116 | (1) |
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117 | (1) |
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Cape Region of South Africa |
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117 | (1) |
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Current knowledge on plant regeneration from seeds |
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117 | (6) |
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Southwestern and southern Australia |
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117 | (3) |
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120 | (1) |
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121 | (2) |
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123 | (1) |
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124 | (7) |
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10 Plant regeneration from seeds in the temperate deciduous forest zone under a changing climate |
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131 | (14) |
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131 | (1) |
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Changes in temperature and precipitation |
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132 | (3) |
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132 | (2) |
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Interaction between warming and changes in precipitation |
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134 | (1) |
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Interactions of warming and/or changes in moisture with biotic and nonclimatic abiotic factors |
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135 | (1) |
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135 | (1) |
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136 | (1) |
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136 | (1) |
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137 | (1) |
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Geographical range shifts |
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137 | (1) |
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138 | (1) |
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139 | (6) |
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11 Plant regeneration from seeds: Tibet Plateau in China |
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145 | (12) |
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145 | (1) |
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146 | (1) |
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147 | (1) |
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148 | (1) |
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Seed dormancy and germination |
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148 | (1) |
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Seedling emergence and establishment |
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149 | (1) |
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Change in community structure and composition |
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150 | (1) |
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151 | (1) |
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151 | (6) |
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12 Effect of climate change on regeneration of plants from seeds in tropical wet forests |
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157 | (12) |
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157 | (1) |
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Observed and predicted climate change in tropical forests |
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158 | (1) |
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Effects of climate change on reproductive phenology |
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159 | (1) |
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Seed responses to elevated temperature and drought |
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160 | (1) |
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Seedling responses to increased temperatures |
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161 | (1) |
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Drought tolerance and shade tolerance trade-offs for seedlings |
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162 | (1) |
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Effects of climate change on nutrient availability |
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163 | (1) |
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Interactions between elevated CO2 and nutrient limitation |
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163 | (1) |
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Concluding remarks and future research challenges |
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163 | (1) |
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164 | (5) |
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13 Climate change and plant regeneration from seeds in tropical dry forests |
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169 | (14) |
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Guillermo Ibarra-Manriquez |
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Maria Esther Sanchez-Coronado |
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169 | (1) |
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Predicted climate changes |
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170 | (1) |
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Flowering, seed production, and dispersal |
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171 | (1) |
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Seed dormancy and germination |
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171 | (3) |
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Physical and physiological dormancy |
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172 | (1) |
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Effect of temperature on seed germination |
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173 | (1) |
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Seedling growth and survival |
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174 | (1) |
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174 | (2) |
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Community composition and shifts in species distribution |
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176 | (1) |
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176 | (1) |
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177 | (1) |
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177 | (6) |
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14 Regeneration from seeds in South American savannas, in particular the Brazilian Cerrado |
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183 | (16) |
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183 | (1) |
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183 | (1) |
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Climate change effects in the Cerrado |
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184 | (1) |
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Germination ecology in the Cerrado: how much do we know? |
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185 | (2) |
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Environmental drivers of Cerrado regeneration from seeds under a changing climate |
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187 | (2) |
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187 | (1) |
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Increase in mean temperature |
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188 | (1) |
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Decrease in mean annual rainfall |
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188 | (1) |
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Predicted consequences of climate change on plant populations and communities |
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189 | (1) |
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Changes in species distribution |
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189 | (1) |
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Changes in species abundance and community composition |
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190 | (1) |
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Knowledge gaps and research needs |
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190 | (2) |
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192 | (1) |
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193 | (1) |
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193 | (6) |
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15 Plant regeneration from seeds in savanna woodlands of Southern Africa |
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199 | (14) |
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199 | (1) |
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Data acquisition and analytical approach |
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200 | (1) |
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Regional climate trends in southern Africa |
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201 | (1) |
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Local climate trends in southern African woodlands |
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201 | (1) |
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Field observational studies on plant regeneration from seeds |
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201 | (2) |
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Fruit production and climate |
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203 | (3) |
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Seedling emergence and climate |
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206 | (2) |
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Seedling mortality and climate |
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208 | (1) |
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Conclusions and recommendations for future research |
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209 | (1) |
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209 | (4) |
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Section II Special topics |
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16 Effects of climate change on annual crops: the case of maize production in Africa |
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213 | (16) |
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213 | (2) |
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Effect of climate change on life cycle of maize |
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215 | (4) |
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Seed dormancy/germination |
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215 | (1) |
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Plant growth from germination to tasseling |
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216 | (1) |
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Gamete formation, pollination, and fertilization |
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216 | (1) |
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217 | (1) |
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218 | (1) |
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Predicted effect of climate change on maize production in Africa |
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219 | (2) |
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221 | (1) |
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Broad implications for wild plant species |
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221 | (1) |
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222 | (7) |
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17 Fire and regeneration from seeds in a warming world, with emphasis on Australia |
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229 | (14) |
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229 | (2) |
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Climate-related shifts in the fire regime and plant regeneration |
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231 | (1) |
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Fire intensity and severity---what can happen when fires burn hotter? |
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231 | (3) |
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Survival of seeds and changes in fire severity |
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231 | (1) |
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Fire season---what happens when fire season shifts from historic norms? |
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232 | (1) |
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232 | (1) |
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Survival of seeds and changes to fire season |
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233 | (1) |
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Postfire flowering species and fire seasonality |
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233 | (1) |
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Postfire seed predation and mortality |
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233 | (1) |
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Fire frequency---what happens when fires occur at shorter intervals? |
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234 | (1) |
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234 | (1) |
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Seed dispersal and persistence of postfire obligate colonizers |
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235 | (1) |
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Interactions of multiple factors on plant regeneration from seeds under climate change |
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235 | (1) |
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Fire-prone regions and the potential for "winners" and "losers" under climate change |
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235 | (2) |
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Adaptive capacity to ameliorate impacts of climate change in fire-prone regions |
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236 | (1) |
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Conclusions and future research needs |
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237 | (1) |
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237 | (6) |
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18 Effects of global climate change on regeneration of invasive plant species from seeds |
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243 | (16) |
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Introduction and background |
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243 | (2) |
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Mating systems and phenology |
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245 | (1) |
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Sexual reproductive capacity and seed dispersal |
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245 | (1) |
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246 | (1) |
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Seed germination and viability |
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247 | (1) |
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248 | (1) |
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Biotic interactions of invasive plant species |
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249 | (1) |
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Linking regeneration by seeds with climate change mitigation |
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250 | (1) |
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250 | (1) |
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251 | (8) |
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19 Regeneration in recalcitrant-seeded species and risks from climate change |
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259 | (16) |
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259 | (1) |
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Case study 1 Regeneration and light |
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260 | (1) |
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261 | (1) |
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Case study 2 Regeneration in Coffea species |
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262 | (1) |
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Is dormancy present in recalcitrant seeds? |
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262 | (1) |
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Germination in relation to precipitation and temperature |
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263 | (1) |
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Case study 3 Regeneration timing in relation to precipitation in seasonally dry tropical vegetation |
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264 | (2) |
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Stopping germination during seed storage |
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266 | (1) |
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267 | (1) |
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267 | (1) |
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268 | (1) |
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268 | (7) |
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20 Effect of climate change on regeneration of seagrasses from seeds |
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275 | (10) |
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275 | (1) |
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276 | (1) |
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277 | (1) |
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Flowering, seed production, and seed germination |
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278 | (1) |
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279 | (1) |
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Seed settlement and early seedling survival |
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279 | (1) |
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Climate change and seagrass regeneration from seeds---the future |
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280 | (1) |
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280 | (1) |
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281 | (4) |
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21 Soil seed banks under a warming climate |
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285 | (16) |
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285 | (1) |
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Effects of a warming climate on seed bank persistence and density |
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286 | (2) |
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Changes in the composition and structure of seed banks under a warming climate |
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288 | (3) |
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Mountain ecosystems and elevation gradients |
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288 | (1) |
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Seed banks confer increased resilience in extreme environments |
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289 | (1) |
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Buffering the effects of climate warming: temporary resilience? |
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290 | (1) |
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Seed banks and plant migration potential under a warming climate |
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290 | (1) |
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Challenges and future research directions |
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291 | (1) |
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292 | (1) |
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292 | (9) |
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22 Summary and general conclusions |
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301 | (6) |
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301 | (1) |
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Seed dormancy and germination |
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301 | (1) |
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Seedling survival and growth |
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302 | (1) |
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Shifts in species composition of plant communities |
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303 | (1) |
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303 | (2) |
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305 | (2) |
| Index |
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307 | |
Daugiau apie elektronines knygas