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xiii | |
Preface |
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xvii | |
Acknowledgments |
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xix | |
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Section 1 Strategies for implementation of Green Deal |
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1 Achieving sustainable development goals via green deal strategies |
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3 | (22) |
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Majeti Narasimha Vara Prasad |
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3 | (2) |
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5 | (1) |
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1.3 The European Green Deal ---driving force of a more cohesive continent |
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6 | (1) |
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1.4 Europe in the leadership of the environmental agenda |
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7 | (1) |
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1.5 The opportunity generated by the new European agreement |
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8 | (1) |
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1.6 Two good reasons to congratulate the European Commission |
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9 | (4) |
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1.7 Greywater treatment in constructed wetlands |
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13 | (1) |
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13 | (1) |
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14 | (4) |
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1.9.1 Constructed wetlands in greywater treatment and their classification |
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14 | (1) |
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1.9.2 Green walls and green roof |
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15 | (3) |
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1.10 Act now campaign of the United Nations toward sustainable lifestyles |
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18 | (7) |
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21 | (2) |
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23 | (2) |
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2 Farm to fork: sustainable agrifood systems |
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25 | (14) |
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Majeti Narasimha Vara Prasad |
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25 | (1) |
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2.2 Journey from Farm to Fork |
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25 | (2) |
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2.2.1 European Green Deal |
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26 | (1) |
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2.2.2 Need for sustainable and resilient food systems |
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27 | (1) |
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2.3 Economic, social, and environmental impacts |
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27 | (2) |
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2.3.1 Impacts of COVID-19 on food supply chain |
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28 | (1) |
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2.4 Redesigning agriculture for nature and nutrition |
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29 | (5) |
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2.4.1 Monocropping to multicropping: crop diversification as a resilient strategy |
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29 | (1) |
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2.4.2 Genomics in crop production |
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29 | (1) |
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2.4.3 Internet of Things: smart irrigation systems |
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30 | (1) |
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2.4.4 Nature-based solutions |
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31 | (1) |
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2.4.5 Reducing water footprint in agriculture |
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32 | (1) |
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2.4.6 Policy-based modeling |
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33 | (1) |
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2.4.7 Green deals: circular economy practices |
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34 | (1) |
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2.5 Global transition to sustainable food systems |
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34 | (1) |
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2.6 Policy objectives versus legal actions |
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34 | (1) |
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35 | (4) |
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35 | (1) |
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35 | (4) |
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3 Global directions for the green deal strategies---Americas, Europe, Australia, Asia, and Africa |
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39 | (10) |
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39 | (1) |
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3.2 Materials and methods |
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40 | (1) |
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3.3 Results and discussion |
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40 | (5) |
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40 | (1) |
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41 | (3) |
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44 | (1) |
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44 | (1) |
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45 | (1) |
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45 | (4) |
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45 | (1) |
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45 | (4) |
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Section 2 Circular economy |
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4 Circular economy in Green Deal strategies |
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49 | (16) |
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49 | (1) |
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4.2 Circular Economy in EU Green Deal |
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50 | (1) |
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4.3 Strategic Principles of Circular Economy in Circular Economy Action Plan |
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50 | (4) |
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4.4 State of fact at the macrolevel |
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54 | (1) |
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4.5 Strategic principles of circular economy in practice: the microlevel |
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55 | (1) |
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4.6 Best Practices in the Case of Groupe Renault, "Pioneer of the Circular Economy" |
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56 | (1) |
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4.7 Circular economy in Green Deal strategies beyond the EU |
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57 | (1) |
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4.8 Greenwashing practices and related threats to circular economy and Green Deal policies |
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58 | (2) |
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4.9 Conclusions and future perspectives |
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60 | (5) |
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60 | (5) |
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5 Circular economy---the new innovation wave |
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65 | (14) |
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65 | (1) |
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5.2 Materials and methods |
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65 | (1) |
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66 | (10) |
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5.3.1 Innovative approach in selected strategic documents regarding the circular economy |
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66 | (4) |
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5.3.2 Initiatives in Poland implementing the circular economy idea |
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70 | (6) |
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76 | (3) |
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76 | (1) |
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76 | (3) |
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6 Circular economy from a water and wastewater management perspective |
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79 | (14) |
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Machmuddin Fitra Miftahadi |
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79 | (1) |
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6.2 The concept of community-based reclaimed water |
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80 | (1) |
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6.3 Community-based reclaimed water and circular economy |
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81 | (1) |
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6.4 Community-based reclaimed water system overview and consideration |
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81 | (5) |
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6.4.1 Conventional versus advanced wastewater treatment system |
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81 | (2) |
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6.4.2 Conventional versus advanced sludge treatment system |
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83 | (1) |
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6.4.3 Traditional versus green-gray infrastructure system |
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84 | (1) |
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6.4.4 Energy recovery from wastewater |
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84 | (1) |
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6.4.5 Energy recovery from sludge |
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85 | (1) |
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6.4.6 Social and public acceptance |
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86 | (1) |
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6.5 Recommendation for further studies |
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86 | (2) |
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88 | (5) |
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88 | (5) |
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7 Mine waste: contributions to the circular economy |
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93 | (12) |
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Majeti Narasimha Vara Prasad |
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93 | (1) |
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94 | (2) |
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7.3 Mining waste management for circular economy |
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96 | (3) |
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7.3.1 Restoration and reestablishment uses |
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97 | (2) |
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7.4 Circular economy in mining: case studies and sector challenges |
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99 | (2) |
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101 | (4) |
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102 | (3) |
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8 Waste to energy and circular economy: the case of anaerobic digestion |
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105 | (12) |
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105 | (1) |
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8.2 Anaerobic digestion at an intersection of waste management, energy, and agricultural sectors |
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105 | (3) |
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106 | (1) |
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107 | (1) |
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8.2.3 Agricultural sector |
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107 | (1) |
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108 | (5) |
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108 | (1) |
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8.3.2 Biogas production and utilization |
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109 | (1) |
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8.3.3 Digestate valorization |
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110 | (3) |
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8.4 Environmental performance |
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113 | (1) |
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113 | (4) |
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113 | (1) |
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113 | (4) |
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9 Food waste management in Thailand for sustainable development |
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117 | (20) |
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117 | (1) |
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9.2 Food waste in Thailand |
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117 | (2) |
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9.3 Appropriate food waste treatment guidelines |
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119 | (10) |
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121 | (1) |
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121 | (1) |
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9.3.3 Pyrolysis and gasification |
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121 | (1) |
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9.3.4 Value-added products and materials |
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122 | (1) |
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9.3.5 Biogas, biohydrogen, and bioethanol |
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123 | (1) |
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9.3.6 Microbial fuel cell |
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124 | (1) |
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9.3.7 Composting and biofertilizer |
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125 | (3) |
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128 | (1) |
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9.4 Food waste management: a Thai perspective |
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129 | (3) |
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9.4.1 Community engagement management planning |
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129 | (1) |
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9.4.2 Food waste management in hospitality sector |
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130 | (1) |
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9.4.3 Startup business model management |
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131 | (1) |
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132 | (5) |
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132 | (1) |
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132 | (5) |
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10 Sustainable use of construction and demolition wastes in a circular economy perspective |
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137 | (14) |
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137 | (1) |
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10.2 Construction and demolition wastes---definition, classification, and composition |
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138 | (1) |
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10.3 Current state of construction and demolition wastes management in European Union |
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139 | (1) |
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10.4 Construction and demolition wastes management toward circular economy |
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140 | (4) |
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10.5 Practical example of construction and demolition wastes reuse at the landfill site |
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144 | (2) |
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10.5.1 Site description---Radiowo landfill |
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144 | (1) |
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10.5.2 Recovery and utilization of wastes in the Radiowo landfill |
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145 | (1) |
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146 | (5) |
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146 | (5) |
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Section 3 Sludge management --- resource recovery |
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11 Biofiltration as an ecological method of removing sewage sludge odors by solar drying |
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151 | (12) |
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11.1 Sewage sludge and solar sludge dryers |
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151 | (2) |
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153 | (3) |
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11.3 Biofiltration as an ecological method of removing sewage sludge odors by solar drying---own research |
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156 | (3) |
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159 | (4) |
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160 | (1) |
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160 | (3) |
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12 Sustainable/integrated/sewage sludge management |
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163 | (20) |
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163 | (2) |
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12.1.1 Sustainability and integration |
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163 | (1) |
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12.1.2 General conceptualization |
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164 | (1) |
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12.2 Local options as determinants for wastewater treatment sequence selection |
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165 | (1) |
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12.3 Strategies to maximize recoveries |
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166 | (3) |
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12.3.1 General assumptions and possibilities |
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166 | (1) |
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12.3.2 Phosphorus recovery and organic recycling |
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166 | (1) |
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167 | (2) |
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169 | (1) |
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12.4.1 Reduction of nuisances |
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169 | (1) |
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12.4.2 Reduction of volume |
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169 | (1) |
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169 | (5) |
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170 | (1) |
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12.5.2 Standardization of procedures |
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170 | (3) |
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173 | (1) |
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12.6 Sustainability and circular economy as fundamental principles |
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174 | (3) |
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174 | (1) |
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175 | (1) |
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12.6.3 Boundary conditions |
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176 | (1) |
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12.7 Digitalization as a management tool |
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177 | (1) |
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178 | (5) |
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179 | (1) |
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179 | (2) |
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181 | (2) |
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13 Bioleaching of heavy metals from a contaminated soil using bacteria from wastewater sludge |
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183 | (16) |
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183 | (4) |
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13.1.1 Status of soil heavy metal pollution in China |
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183 | (1) |
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13.1.2 Harmfulness of soil heavy metal pollution |
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183 | (1) |
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13.1.3 Remediation technologies of heavy metal in soil |
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184 | (2) |
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13.1.4 The concept of bioleaching technology and the types of leaching bacteria |
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186 | (1) |
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13.1.5 Research status of bioleaching technology |
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187 | (1) |
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13.2 Source and screening method of strain |
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187 | (4) |
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187 | (2) |
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189 | (1) |
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13.2.3 Bacteria screening, isolation, and identification |
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190 | (1) |
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13.3 Influencing factors of bioleaching heavy metals in soil |
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191 | (2) |
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13.3.1 Microorganism type |
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191 | (1) |
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13.3.2 Solid concentration |
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191 | (1) |
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191 | (1) |
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13.3.4 Oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations |
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192 | (1) |
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192 | (1) |
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13.3.6 Oxidation-reduction potential |
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192 | (1) |
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192 | (1) |
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193 | (1) |
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193 | (1) |
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13.4 Analysis of bioleaching mechanism |
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193 | (2) |
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13.4.1 The principle of bioleaching heavy metals in soil |
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193 | (2) |
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13.4.2 The principle of fungal leaching of heavy metals in soil |
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195 | (1) |
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13.5 Insufficiency of bioleaching heavy metals in soil |
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195 | (1) |
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195 | (1) |
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13.5.2 Inhibition of heavy metals |
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195 | (1) |
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13.6 Conclusion and outlook |
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196 | (3) |
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196 | (1) |
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196 | (3) |
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14 Sewage sludge valorization in the context of resource recovery |
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199 | (14) |
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199 | (1) |
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14.2 Materials and methods |
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200 | (1) |
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14.3 Directions of sewage sludge management |
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200 | (1) |
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14.4 Sewage sludge treatment methods |
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201 | (4) |
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14.4.1 Biological methods of sewage sludge treatment |
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201 | (3) |
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14.4.2 Chemical and thermal methods of sewage sludge treatment |
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204 | (1) |
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14.5 Resource recovery from sewage sludge |
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205 | (4) |
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205 | (1) |
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14.5.2 Nutrient's recovery |
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206 | (2) |
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14.5.3 The comparative analysis of pros and cons of different sewage sludge treatment technologies |
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208 | (1) |
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209 | (4) |
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209 | (4) |
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Section 4 Phosphorus management |
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15 Importance of phosphorus raw materials in Green Deal strategies |
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213 | (12) |
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213 | (1) |
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214 | (2) |
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15.2.1 Different methods for Struvite production including benefits and drawbacks |
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214 | (2) |
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216 | (1) |
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216 | (1) |
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15.3 Results and discussion |
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216 | (5) |
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15.3.1 Environmental impacts associated with phosphorus |
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216 | (1) |
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15.3.2 Phosphorus recovery through Struvite production |
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217 | (2) |
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15.3.3 Phosphorus recovery through hygienization and sewage sludge combustion |
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219 | (1) |
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15.3.4 Vermicomposting as a source of phosphorus |
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220 | (1) |
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221 | (1) |
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221 | (4) |
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221 | (4) |
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16 Regional strategies for the management of phosphorus |
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225 | (10) |
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225 | (2) |
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16.2 Strategy for the management of raw phosphorus materials in the European Union |
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227 | (3) |
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16.3 Strategy for the management of raw phosphorus materials in North America |
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230 | (1) |
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16.4 Strategy for the management of raw phosphorus materials in Asia-Pacific |
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230 | (2) |
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232 | (3) |
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232 | (3) |
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17 Integrated Nutrient Management as a driving force for sustainable use of phosphorus |
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235 | (12) |
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235 | (1) |
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17.2 Phosphorus dynamics in the soil |
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236 | (2) |
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17.3 Rock phosphate sources and vulnerability |
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238 | (1) |
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17.4 Strategies for improving P-use efficiency |
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238 | (5) |
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238 | (1) |
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17.4.2 Crop rotation and recycle |
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239 | (1) |
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17.4.3 Crop breeding for adapted varieties |
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240 | (1) |
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17.4.4 Crop inoculation or association with P-solubilizing microorganisms |
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240 | (1) |
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17.4.5 Access to fertilizers and use of modern Pfertilizers |
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241 | (1) |
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17.4.6 Adoption of 4R nutrient stewardship |
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242 | (1) |
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17.4.7 Minimize or cease Ploss by erosion/runoff |
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242 | (1) |
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243 | (4) |
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243 | (1) |
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243 | (4) |
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18 Phosphorus raw materials in sustainable agriculture |
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247 | (10) |
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247 | (1) |
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18.2 Materials and methods |
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247 | (1) |
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248 | (4) |
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248 | (1) |
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248 | (4) |
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252 | (1) |
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18.5 Phosphorus availability |
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253 | (1) |
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253 | (4) |
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253 | (1) |
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254 | (3) |
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19 Phosphorus-driven eutrophication mitigation strategies |
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257 | (12) |
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19.1 Introduction: the biogenic role of phosphorus in water ecosystems |
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257 | (2) |
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19.2 Legal measures to mitigate eutrophication caused by Pdischarged loads |
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259 | (2) |
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19.3 The efficiency of eutrophication mitigation strategies---case studies of Ploads reductions |
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261 | (4) |
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262 | (1) |
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19.3.2 Baltic Sea catchment |
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262 | (1) |
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19.3.3 Switzerland and the Alpine Region |
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263 | (1) |
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264 | (1) |
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19.3.5 United States of America |
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264 | (1) |
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19.4 Limiting agricultural P sources |
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265 | (1) |
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265 | (4) |
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266 | (3) |
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20 Phosphorus recovery---recent developments and case studies |
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269 | (16) |
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20.1 Phosphorus supply from conventional sources |
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269 | (1) |
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20.2 Phosphorus recovery from secondary sources |
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270 | (1) |
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270 | (2) |
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20.4 Phosphorus recovery from aqueous phase |
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272 | (1) |
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273 | (1) |
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20.5 Phosphorus recovery from sewage sludge and derived ash |
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273 | (6) |
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274 | (4) |
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20.5.2 Recent developments of emerging technologies |
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278 | (1) |
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279 | (6) |
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279 | (6) |
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21 Action toward carbon neutrality---essential elements of the Green Deal |
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285 | (12) |
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285 | (1) |
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21.2 Current greenhouse gas emissions |
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285 | (1) |
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21.3 Key measures to reach carbon neutrality |
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286 | (3) |
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21.4 Measures implemented or proposed in current climate policy |
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289 | (2) |
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21.5 Barriers against effective climate action |
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291 | (3) |
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294 | (3) |
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295 | (1) |
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295 | (2) |
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22 Water and climate change from the regional, national, and international perspective |
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297 | (12) |
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297 | (1) |
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22.2 Water and climate change: case study in Asian countries |
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298 | (1) |
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22.2.1 The physical or environmental impact of climate change |
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298 | (1) |
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22.2.2 The socioeconomic impact of climate change |
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299 | (1) |
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22.3 Recent practices to adapt and mitigate the climate change |
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299 | (2) |
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22.4 Climate change variability and water harvesting and management |
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301 | (1) |
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22.5 Impact of climate change on hydrological processes |
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302 | (2) |
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22.6 Impact of regional land use land cover (LULC) change on hydrological process |
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304 | (1) |
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22.7 Climate change and education for environmental sustainability |
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305 | (1) |
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305 | (4) |
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306 | (3) |
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23 Water resources and climate change: regional, national and international perspective |
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309 | (28) |
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309 | (1) |
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309 | (4) |
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23.2.1 Interactions between the atmosphere and hydrosphere |
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310 | (1) |
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23.2.2 Changes in the chemistry of the atmosphere---hydrosphere |
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310 | (1) |
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23.2.3 The water cycle and Earth's climate (two types of water cycles) |
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311 | (2) |
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23.3 Impact of human activities on the hydrosphere---interactions between climate change and water cycle |
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313 | (5) |
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23.3.1 Human activities altering Earth's climate which produces further changes in the water cycle |
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314 | (1) |
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23.3.2 Climate change: causes and consequences |
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315 | (1) |
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23.3.3 Evapotranspiration process: the dominant role of local climate |
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316 | (2) |
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23.4 Soil and climate change-biosphere---atmosphere interactions |
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318 | (4) |
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23.4.1 The role of Earth's soil in the fight against climate change |
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320 | (1) |
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23.4.2 The role of the soils in the carbon cycle |
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321 | (1) |
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23.4.3 Soils in the hydrological cycle: essential role of the soil in the water cycle |
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321 | (1) |
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23.5 Land use/land cover and climate change interaction |
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322 | (2) |
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23.5.1 Land cover and changes in land use |
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323 | (1) |
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23.5.2 Climate and land use effects on regional hydrologic processes |
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|
324 | (1) |
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23.5.3 Impacts of land use and climate changes on water resources |
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|
324 | (1) |
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23.6 Drought and climate change impacts on water resources |
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|
324 | (3) |
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23.6.1 Drought and water scarcity as an impact of climate change |
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|
325 | (1) |
|
23.6.2 Scarcity of water resources in MENA region |
|
|
326 | (1) |
|
23.7 Protect of water resources in MENA region: transition to a circular economy |
|
|
327 | (6) |
|
23.7.1 Wetland hydrobiogeochemistry and climate change |
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|
328 | (1) |
|
23.7.2 The circular economy applies on water resources---nature-based solutions as best solutions to tackle climate change |
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|
328 | (1) |
|
23.7.3 Nature-based solutions contribute to water management |
|
|
328 | (2) |
|
23.7.4 Improved the water resources management using constructed wetland for treatment of wastewater |
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330 | (1) |
|
23.7.5 Water resources in the Eastern Mediterranean region: case of Lebanon |
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|
330 | (1) |
|
23.7.6 Managing the water resources under changing climate and land use: perspectives of wastewater reuse in the Mediterranean region |
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|
331 | (1) |
|
23.7.7 Agroecology to tackle climate change and water shortages in the world |
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332 | (1) |
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333 | (4) |
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334 | (2) |
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336 | (1) |
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24 Environmental footprint as a tool to measure climate neutrality activities |
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|
337 | (12) |
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|
337 | (1) |
|
24.2 Methods to calculate the carbon footprint |
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|
338 | (3) |
|
24.2.1 The ecological footprint |
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|
338 | (1) |
|
24.2.2 Life cycle assessment |
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|
339 | (1) |
|
24.2.3 Other standards and guidance |
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|
340 | (1) |
|
24.3 Open issues, criticism, and needs for further research |
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|
341 | (4) |
|
24.3.1 Lack of a common definition |
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|
341 | (1) |
|
24.3.2 Methodological shortcomings |
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|
342 | (2) |
|
24.3.3 Data quality and uncertainties |
|
|
344 | (1) |
|
24.3.4 Missing communication of shortcomings |
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|
344 | (1) |
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345 | (4) |
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|
345 | (1) |
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|
345 | (4) |
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25 How to achieve climate neutrality---the impact of fertilizer usage on climate change |
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|
349 | (10) |
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349 | (1) |
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25.2 Materials and methods |
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|
349 | (1) |
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|
350 | (3) |
|
25.3.1 Initiatives to combat climate change |
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|
350 | (1) |
|
25.3.2 Sustainable agriculture |
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|
351 | (1) |
|
25.3.3 Fertilizers and climate |
|
|
351 | (2) |
|
25.3.4 Bio-based fertilizers |
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353 | (1) |
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353 | (6) |
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|
354 | (1) |
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|
354 | (5) |
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Section 6 Clean energy transition |
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|
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26 Energy efficiency to improve sustainability |
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|
359 | (28) |
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|
|
|
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|
|
359 | (1) |
|
26.2 Technologies for improving energy efficiency to achieve sustainable recycling |
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|
360 | (20) |
|
26.2.1 Food waste-enabled waste for waste recycling approaches |
|
|
360 | (3) |
|
26.2.2 The green leachants |
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|
363 | (7) |
|
26.2.3 Direct cathode regeneration for lithium-ion batteries recycling |
|
|
370 | (4) |
|
26.2.4 Electrometallurgical processes |
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|
374 | (3) |
|
26.2.5 Roasting-water leaching combined processes |
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|
377 | (1) |
|
26.2.6 Bioleaching-based processes |
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|
378 | (2) |
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|
380 | (7) |
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|
381 | (6) |
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27 Green strategies for waste to energy |
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|
387 | (14) |
|
|
Machmuddin Fitra Miftahadi |
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|
|
|
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|
|
387 | (1) |
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27.2 Waste conversion technologies |
|
|
388 | (2) |
|
27.2.1 Thermochemical waste conversion technologies |
|
|
388 | (1) |
|
27.2.2 Physical waste conversion technologies |
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|
389 | (1) |
|
27.2.3 Biological waste conversion technologies |
|
|
389 | (1) |
|
27.2.4 Green strategies to choose appropriate technologies |
|
|
390 | (1) |
|
27.3 Green strategies in the collection and transportation of waste to energy operation |
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|
390 | (5) |
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|
391 | (1) |
|
27.3.2 Waste collection and transportation systems service |
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|
392 | (1) |
|
27.3.3 Waste collection and transportation algorithm |
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|
393 | (1) |
|
27.3.4 Advance waste collection and transportation |
|
|
393 | (2) |
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27.3.5 Emission and cost for waste collection and transportation |
|
|
395 | (1) |
|
27.4 Country experiences: strategies to achieve sustainability in waste to energy project |
|
|
395 | (1) |
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|
395 | (6) |
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|
396 | (5) |
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Section 7 Sustainable management and global agenda |
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|
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28 Digital technologies and clean energy |
|
|
401 | (14) |
|
|
|
401 | (1) |
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|
402 | (2) |
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|
404 | (2) |
|
28.3.1 Coal mining in India---a case study |
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|
405 | (1) |
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|
406 | (1) |
|
28.5 The network and the servers |
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|
407 | (2) |
|
28.6 The economic angle of information |
|
|
409 | (2) |
|
28.7 The material world and clean energy: entropy as a waste |
|
|
411 | (1) |
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|
412 | (3) |
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|
414 | (1) |
|
29 From waste to value: enhancing circular value creation in municipal solid waste management ecosystem through artificial intelligence-powered robots |
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|
415 | (11) |
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|
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|
415 | (1) |
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29.2 Theoretical background |
|
|
416 | (4) |
|
29.2.1 Ecosystems in a circular economy |
|
|
416 | (3) |
|
29.2.2 Smart robots in municipal solid waste management |
|
|
419 | (1) |
|
|
420 | (1) |
|
29.3.1 Research design and case selection |
|
|
420 | (1) |
|
29.3.2 Data collection and analysis |
|
|
420 | (1) |
|
29.4 Results and findings |
|
|
421 | (4) |
|
29.4.1 Ecosystem actors and value creation |
|
|
421 | (1) |
|
29.4.2 Drivers and influencers of circular economy |
|
|
421 | (3) |
|
29.4.3 Challenges and bottlenecks |
|
|
424 | (1) |
|
29.4.4 Direct and indirect value from smart robots |
|
|
424 | (1) |
|
29.5 Discussions and conclusions |
|
|
425 | (1) |
References |
|
426 | (3) |
Index |
|
429 | |